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Hetoḥ sāmānyanirūpaṇam

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śrīmadarcaṭaviracitā

|| hetubinduṭīkā||

|ṃamaḥ sarvajñāya||

[jinamanaskāreṇa maṅgalam|]

yaḥ sañjātamahākṛpo vyasaninaṃ trātuṃ samagraṃ janam,
puṇyajñānamayaṃ pracitya vipulaṃ hetuṃ vidhūtaśramaḥ|
kṛtsnajñeyavisarppi[nirmalataraprajñoda]yādriṃ śrito
loke hārddatamopaho jinaravirmūrdhnā namasyāmi tam||1||

[dharmakīrtivacasāṃ sarasatamatvakhyāpanam|]
varaṃ hi dhārmmakīrtteṣu carvviteṣvapi carvvaṇam|
niṣpīḍitā'pi mṛdvī[kā nanu svādaṃ jahā]ti kim ?||2||

[svalāghavaṃ prakhyāpya granthavivaraṇapratijñā|]
nyāyamārggatulārūḍhaṃ jagadekatra yanmatiḥ|
jayet tasya kva gambhīrā giro'haṃ jaḍadhīḥ kva ca ?||3||
tathāpi mandamatayaḥ santi matto['pi kecana|
teṣāṃ kṛte] mayāpyeṣa hetubindurvvibhajyate||4||

[ādivākyasya prayojanaprakaṭanam|]
“parokṣe”- tyādinā prakaraṇārambhe prayojanamāha|
tacca śrotṛjanapravṛttyartham iti kecit|
taduktam[m-

“sarvasyaiva hi śā]strasya karmaṇo vā'pi kasyacit|
yāvat prayojanaṃ noktaṃ tāvat tat kena gṛhyatām||”

iti| tadayuktam| yato'sya prakaraṇasyedaṃ prayojanamiti [pradarśane prayo] janaviśeṣaṃ prati upāyatāṃ prakaraṇasya niścityānupāye pravṛttyasambhavāt prekṣāvatāṃ tadarthitayā pra[karaṇaśravaṇādau pravṛttiḥ] syāditi tadabhidhānasyārthavattā varṇyate| na caitad yuktam| yataḥ prekṣāvatāṃ pravṛttiḥ prayojanārthināṃ tadupāye tabhdāvaniścayāt| yathā kṛṣīva[lādīnāṃ sasyā]dyupāye bījādāva'bījādivivekenā'vadhṛtabījādibhāvānām| anyathā hyaniścitopāyānāmupeyārthināṃ pravṛttau prekṣāvattaiva hīyeta| upeye tu [pramā]ṇavyāpārāsambhavādaniścaye'pi vivecitopāyāḥ pratibandhavaikalyayorasambhave ‘yogyametadvivakṣitaṃ kāryaṃ niṣpādayitum’ iti saṃ[bhāvanayā pravṛttau] prekṣāvattāto na hīyeran|

niścayaśca pramāṇādeva| na ca prayojanavākyasya prāmāṇyamasti, śābdānāṃ bahirarthe pratibandhābhāvāt| vivakṣāyāṃ [tasya prāmāṇye'pi yathā] vastupravṛttiniyamābhāvāt na tataḥ prakaraṇasya prayojanavise(śe)ṣaṃ prati upāyatāniścayaḥ samasti| na hi ye yathā yamarthaṃ vivakṣanti te tathaiva tamanu[tiṣṭhanti vi]saṃvādanābhiprāyāṇāmanyathā'bhidhāyānyathāpravṛttidarśanālloke sarvvatrānāśvāsāt|

prayojanaviśeṣopanyāsāt prakaraṇasya tadupāyatā[viṣaye saṃśayaḥ ja]nyate tatastabhdāvanirdhāraṇāya kṛṣīvalāderiva bījādyavadhṛtaye pravṛttiryukteti cet; na, prayojanaviśeṣopāyatāsaṃśayasya tadabhidhā[nāt prāgapi] bhāvāt| tatsādhakabādhakapramāṇābhāve tasya nyāyaprāptatvāt| anumānādivyutpattyarthānāṃ ca prakaraṇānāṃ darśanāt kimasyānumā[navyutpādanaṃ pra]yojanamanyaddhā, na vā kiñcidapītyevaṃrūpaśca saṃśayaḥ prāk pravarttamānaḥ kena nivāryeta| api ca kimidaṃ niṣprayojanam, uta prayojana[vat, athāsmadabhima]tena vā prayojanena tadvaditi jijñāsoḥ pravṛttisambhave vyartha eva prayojanavākyopanyāsaḥ|

tasmād ‘yat prayojanarahitaṃ vākyam, tadartho vā, na tat prekṣāvatā''rabhyate kartuṃ pratipādayituṃ vā| tadyathā daśadāḍimādivākyaṃ kākadanta[parīkṣā ca| niṣprayojanaṃ cedaṃ] prakaraṇaṃ tadartho vā’ iti vyāpakānupalabdhyā pratyavatiṣṭhamānasya tadasiddhatobhdāvanārthamādau prayojanavākyopanyāsaḥ|

[prakaraṇatadabhidheyayoḥ prayojanacintā|]
tatra “tadyutpādanārtham” iti vākyena svayamasya prakaraṇasya prayojanamāha| yathāsvamabhidheyapratītirhi vākyasya prayojanam| taccehāsti padānāmavāntaravākyānāṃ ca parasparasaṃsargāt samāsārthapratīteḥ| tathā hi-anumānamatra prakaraṇe vyutpādyata iti tad abhidheyam| tasyaiva tacchabdena sambandhāt| yadyapi parokṣārthapratipattau gu[ṇabhūtamanu]mānaṃ tathāpi vakturabhiprāyānuvidhāyitayā śabdavṛtteḥ tacchabdena parāmṛśyate| anyathā pradhānasaṃsparso(rśo)pi kathaṃ syāt ?| śabdānāṃ sva[bhāvataḥ] sambaddhā(ndhā)yogāt| “pakṣadharmma” ityādinā cānumānasyaiva vyutpādanāt| tasya vyutpatti [raviparītasvarū] papratītirasya prakaraṇasya prayojanam, tatsādhyatvāt| ata eva cānumānavyutpattiviṣayaṃ prakaraṇa[vyāpāraṃ pratipāda]yituṃ ṇicā nirdiśati-“tadvayutpādanārtham” iti| tataśca prakaraṇaprayojanayoḥ sādhyasādhanalakṣaṇaḥ sambandho'pyukto bhavati| yadyapi śabdavṛttenā[numānavyutpattivi]ṣayasya prakaraṇavyāpārasya prādhānyaṃ tathāpi vastuvṛttena vyutpattereva pradhānatā tasyāstatsādhyatvāt| itarasya ca tadupāyatvenāpradhānatvāt| tasmādanumānavyutpatti reva prayojanatayā pratīyate na prakaraṇavyāpāra iti|

“parokṣārthaprati[patteḥ amumānāśraya]tvāt” ityanena tu prakaraṇārthasyānumānalakṣaṇasya prayojanamāha| na hi vākyasya svārthapratītilakṣaṇaṃ phalamastītyetā[vataiva prekṣāvān prava]rttate'pi tu tadabhidheyārthasya puruṣārthopayogitve sati| taccehāsti yataḥ parokṣārthasya yā pratipattiḥ-niścayaḥ-tasyā anumā[naṃ-trirūpaliṅgam] kāraṇe kāryopacārāt| ananyopāyasādhyatāṃ darśayituṃ paramatanirāsārtham āśrayaḥ-kāraṇam, anumānamāśrayo yasyeti sāmānyena vigṛhya| [tadanu ca] kasyānumānāśrayatvāditi viśeṣāpekṣāyām-yadyapi parokṣārthapratipattiśabdasambandhe strītvaṃ gamyate tathāpi tat padasaṃskāravelāyāṃ buddhyasaṃnihitatvāt bahiraṅgamiti na strīpratyayanimittaṃ yathā bhūtamiyaṃ brāhmaṇī, āvapanamiyamuṣṭriketi|

[sarvaparokṣapratīterliṅgajatvādevānumānatvasūcanam|]
anena ca sarvvā parokṣā[rtha]pratipattiḥ pramāṇabhūtā, anyasmāt tatpratipattyayogāt, trirūpaliṅgāśrayaivetyuktaṃ bhavati anumānāśrayatvādeveti avadhāraṇāt| [tataśca śabdādī]nāṃ sati prāmāṇye'numānatā, anyathā teṣāmapi vyutpādyatāprasaṅgo nimittasya samānatvāt|

tathā hi-sarvvā parokṣārthapratipattiḥ pra[māṇabhūtā], na svatantrā bhavati| tasyāḥ svārthapratibandhābhāvena niyamena tatsaṃvādāyogāt| avisaṃvādalakṣaṇatvācca pramāṇasya| anyato'pi [yadi syā]t sarvvataḥ sarvvapratipattiprasaṅgāt dharmyasambandhe'pi sarvvatra pratītiṃ janayet, pratyāsattiviprakarṣābhāvāt| evambhūtaśca trirūpa[liṅgamevārtho bhava]tīti sarvvā parokṣārthapratipattistrirūpaliṅgajatvenānumānāt na bhidyata iti| eṣa cārthaḥ “pakṣadharmmastadaṃśena vyāpto hetuḥ”, kasya ?, parokṣā[rthapratipatte]riti prakṛtena saṃbandhād darśitaḥ, pakṣadharma eva tadaṃśena vyāpta eva ca parokṣārthapratipatterheturityavadhāraṇāt|

[svalakṣaṇasyaiva vastutvaṃ na sāmānyasyeti sthāpanam]
arthagrahaṇaṃ tu parokṣārthapratipatteritya[numā]nasyāpi svalakṣaṇaviṣayaṃ prāmāṇyaṃ darśayitum| arthakriyāsamartho hyarthaḥ, svalakṣaṇaṃ caivamātmakam| ata eva-“vastvadhiṣṭhānatvāt pramāṇavyavasthāyāḥ”-[iti va]kṣyati| anyathā'numānāt tatra pravṛttirnna syādarthakriyārthinaḥ|

sāmānyasyāvastutve'pi jñānamātralakṣaṇatvāt tadarthakriyāyāḥ tasyāśca tadu[tpādya]tvena siddhatvāt| na hi jātirdāhapākādāvupayujyate, svalakṣaṇasyaiva tatropayogāt| tatsambandhāt tatra pravṛttiriti cet; na, nityasyānupakāra[katvena] kenacitsambandhābhāvāt| satyapi ca sambandhe kathamanyapratipattāvanyatra pravṛttiḥ, atiprasaṅgāt| samavāyasya sūkṣmatvenānavasitavivekasyāvasāyād bhrāntyā tatra pravṛttiriti cet; evaṃ tarhi bhrāntimātramevāstu, kimantargaḍunā sāmānyena ?| nirbbījabhrāntyayogāditi cet; tā eva vyaktayastadekakā[ryakāriṇyo bhrānterbījam]| varṇṇākṛtisamānākāraṃ hi sāmānyajñānam| na ca sāmānyaṃ tadrūpam, tat kathaṃ tad bhrānterbbījam| sādṛśyanibandhanā hi bhrāntiriṣyate paraiḥ| vyaktaya eva cā[samānajā]tīyavyāvṛttāḥ sāmānyākārajñānasvarūpāstatastā eva bhrāntibījam, atadrūpavyāvṛttestāsu bhāvāt| vastubhūtasya tu sāmānyasya sambandha[āsaṃbhave]na tāsu bhāvāyogācca|

yaistu vyaktyātmakameva sāmānyaṃ kalpitaṃ taiḥ svalakṣaṇaviṣayamanumānasya prāmāṇyamabhyupagatameva bhavati| svalakṣaṇātmakaṃ tu sāmānyaṃ kathamanumāne pratibhāsate iti cintyam| na ca vyaktirūpamapāsyāparaṃ sāmānyasya rūpamiṣyate, vaiśeṣikadarśanopagamaprasaṅgāt| ...........................................................................................................

[1. hetoḥ sāmānyanirūpaṇam|]

[1. hetostritvena vyāptiḥ kathaṃ phaliteti carcā|]

.............hi kathitam| tatra kāryasvabhāvayorvvidhisādhanatvānna pratiṣedhe sādhye vyāpāraḥ| anupalabdhito'pi na hetvantarābhāvaniścayo yataḥ sā caturddhā'vasthitā svabhāva[kāraṇa]vyāpakānupalabdhayo viruddha vidhiśceti| tulyayogyatārūpasyaikajñānasaṃsargiṇaḥ svabhāvānupalabdhiranyopalabdhirūpā abhāvavyavahāraheturiṣyate| na [ca hetvan]taramatyantābhāvatayopagatamanukrāntarūpam, yadi hi syāddeśādiniṣedha evāsya syāt nātyantābhāvaḥ| kāraṇavyāpakānupalabdhī tu siddhe kārya[kāraṇa]vyāpyavyāpakabhāve bhavataḥ| na ca hetvantare'tyantāsattayāṅgīkṛte prakāro'yaṃ sambhavati| tat kathaṃ te tadabhāvaṃ gamayiṣyataḥ| virodho'pyavikala[kāraṇasya] bhavato'nyabhāve'bhāvādavagamyata iti viruddhopalabdhirapyasambhavinī| sambhave vā kāraṇānupalabdhyādīnāṃ kathamatyantaniṣedhaḥ ? ityāśaṅkayāha- “hetvābhāsāstato'pare” iti| “tataḥ” trividhāddhetoḥ “apare” anye “hetvābhāsāḥ” yatastatastridhaiva sa iti|

evaṃ manyate-iha yad yatra niyamyate [taddhi]paryayeṇa tadvipakṣasya vyāptau sa niyamaḥ siddhyati| yathā yat sat tat kṣaṇikameveti sattvasya kṣaṇikeṣu niyama ucyamānaḥ sattvaviparyayeṇā[sa]ttvena kṣaṇikavipakṣasyākṣaṇikasya vyāptau siddhyati| evamihāpi tritve heturniyamyamāno hetuviparyayeṇa hetvābhāsatvena trisaṃkhyābā[hyasyārtha]sya vyāptau trisaṃkhyāyāmeva niyato bhavati| tatastrividhahetuvyatiriktānāmarthānāṃ hetvābhāsatāṃ darśayati| tena svabhāvaviruddhopalabdhyā [kārya-sva] bhāvānupalambhavyatiriktānāmarthānāṃ hetutvābhāvaniścaya iti| hetutadābhāsayośca parasparaparihārasthitalakṣaṇatayaiva virodho [hetula]kṣaṇapratītikāla eva pratipannaḥ| tadātmaniyatapratibhāsajñānādeva tadviparītasyānyatayā tadābhāsatāpratīteḥ, parasparamitaretararūpābhāva[niśca]yāt| tatra trividhahetuvyatirikteṣvartheṣu hetvābhāsatvamupalabhyamānaṃ svaviruddhaṃ hetutvaṃ nirākaroti| te ca hetutrayabāhyā arthā nātyantāsatta[yopa] gatā nāpi hetutvaṃ teṣu niṣidhyamānaṃ, kevalaṃ vyāmohāt hetutvamanyatra prasiddhameva tatrā''ropitamāśaṅkitaṃ vā tadviruddhopalambhādapasāryate| tat kimucyate- “[atyantāsaṃbha]vinaḥ kathaṃ virodhaḥ” iti| na ca sahānavasthānalakṣaṇa eva virodho yena tannyāyaḥ sarvvatropavarṇyeta| nāpi yad yatra pratiṣidhyate tasya tatraiva viro[dhaḥ prati]pattavyo yena “kathamasataḥ kenacid virodhagatiḥ?” iti codyeta| na hi nātra śītasparśo'gneriti sādhyadharmiṇyeva śītasparśasyāgninā virodha[saṃba]ndho (?)yathā tu asyānyatra pratītavirodhasyāgninā sādhyadharmmiṇi niṣedhaḥ tathā hetvābhāsatvopalambhād hetutrayabāhyeṣvartheṣu hetutvanirāsaḥ| [atyantāsa]to 'pi ca lākṣaṇiko virodhaḥ pratīyate yathā kṣaṇikatvenākṣaṇikatvasya tasya vastuni kvacidapyasambhavāt, bhāvena vā yadvadabhāvasya sarvva[śaktivirahala]lakṣaṇasyetyalaṃ durmmativiṣpanditeṣvatyādareṇeti sthitametat-tritve hetutvaṃ niyamyamānaṃ [tadviparyayasyā]'pi ca vyāptau satyāṃ tatra niyataṃ bhavatītyabhiprāyavatā viparyayavyāptiṃ pradarśayitumidamuktam-“hetvābhāsa(sā)stato'pare” iti|

[2. trividhabāhyārthānāṃ hetvābhāsatvena vyāpteścarcā|]
tatraitatsyāt-kṣaṇikavipakṣa[sya sattva]viparyayeṇa vyāptirbādhakapramāṇavaśādavasitā iha tu trisaṅkhyābāhyānāmarthānāṃ hetvābhāsatvena vyāptiḥ katareṇa pramāṇenāvasitetya [trāha]-“avinābhāvaniyamāt” iti| trividhahetuvyatirikte liṅgatayopagate śaṅkayamāne vā vastuni pakṣadharmmatāsabhdāve'pyavinābhāvābhāvā[dityarthaḥ]| tathā ca vakṣyati-“na sa trividhāddhetoranyatrāstītyatraiva niyata ucyate” iti| avinābhāvavaikalyaṃ ca hetvābhāsatvenāsiddhaviruddhānaikāntikasāmānya[dharme]ṇa vyāptaṃ prameyatvādau niścitamiti hetvābhāsatve sādhye'vinābhāvavaikalyaṃ svabhāvahetuḥ|

avinābhāvavaikalyaṃ ca trividhahetuvyatiriktatvādeva [tadanyeṣāṃ] [vyāpa]kānupalabdhitaḥ siddham| tathā hi-tādātmyatadutpattibhyāmavinābhāvo vyāptaḥ, tayostatrāvaśyaṃbhāvāt| tasya ca tayoreva bhāvādatatsvabhāvasyātadutpatteśca [tadanāyattata]yā tadavyabhicāraniyamābhāvāt| taduktam-

“kāryakāraṇabhāvādvā svabhāvādvā niyāmakāt|
avinābhāvaniyamo'darśanānna na darśanāt||
[avaśyaṃbhāva]niyamaḥ kaḥ parasyānyathā paraiḥ|
ana(arthā)ntaranimitte vā dharmme vāsasi rāgavat||”

iti|
rūpādinā'pi hi rasāderavinābhāvo na sva[taḥ kintu svakāra]ṇāvyabhicāradvāraka iti tatkāraṇotpattirevāvinābhāvanibandhanam| anyathā tadanāyattasya tatkāraṇānāyattasya vā tenā[vinābhāvakalpa]nāyāṃ sarvvasya sarvārthairavinābhāvaḥ syāt, aviśeṣāt| ekārthasamavāyanimitto rūparasāderavinābhāva iti cet| nanu samavāyo'pyādhāryā[dhāra]bhūtānāmupavarṇyate| sa cādhārādheyabhāvastadātmānupakāre'tiprasaṅgato na sidhyatītyekasāmagryadhīnataivaikārthasamavāyo['vase]yaḥ| anyo vā vastubhūtaḥ saṃbandho'sambhavī tathā sambandhaparīkṣāyāṃ vistarataḥ śāstrakṛtā pratipādimeveti tata evāvadhāryam| asa-na vā ja(nanvasatyapi ja)nyajanakabhāve, tādātmye vā, tenaivāvinābhāvo nānyenetyatra vastusvabhāvairevottaraṃ vācyam ye evaṃ bhavanti nāsmābhiḥ, ke[valaṃ vayaṃ draṣṭāra] iti cet; ākasmikastarhi sa vastūnāṃ svabhāva iti na kasyacinna syāt| na hyahetorddeśakāladravyaniyamo yuktaḥ| [taddhi kiñcit kvacidupa] nīyeta na vā yasya yatra kiñcidāyattamanāyattaṃ vā| anyathā viśeṣābhāvādiṣṭadeśakāladravyavadanyadeśādibhāvaḥ ke[na vāryeta viśeṣābhāvāt| tato ya]dyenāvinābhūtaṃ dṛśyate tasya tenāvyabhicārakāraṇaṃ tattvacintakairabhidhānīyam, na tu pādaprasārikā'valambanīyā| taccāvyabhicārakāraṇam yathoktādanyanna yujyate iti tadvikalā na hetulakṣaṇabhāja iti| tathā cāha-

“saṃyogyādiṣu yeṣvasti pratibandho na tādṛśaḥ|
na te hetava [ityuktaṃ] vyabhicārasya saṃbhavāt||” iti|

atra prayogaḥ-yasya yena saha tādātmyatadutpattī na sto na sa tadavinābhāvī, yathā prameyatvādiranityatvādinā, na staśca kenacit tādātmyatadutpatti svabhāvakāryavyatirekiṇāmarthānāmiti vyāpakānupalabdhiḥ| svabhāvānupalabdhistu svabhāvahetāvantarbhāviteti tasyāḥ [tādātmya]lakṣaṇa eva pratibandhaḥ| vyāpakakāraṇānupalabdhī tu tādātmyatadutpattilakṣaṇapratibandhavaśādeva vyāpyakāryayornivṛtti sādhayataḥ|

[taduktam-
“tasmā]t tanmātrasaṃbaddhaḥ svabhāvo bhāvameva vā|
nivartayetkāraṇaṃ vā kāryamavyabhicārataḥ||” iti|

tadevaṃ hetulakṣaṇaṃ 1 saṃkhyāniyamaḥ 2 tadupadarśa[kaṃ ca pramāṇa]m 3 atra śloke nirdiṣṭamiti|

[3. avinābhāvaniyamādityasya prakārāntareṇa vyākhyānam]
athavā ‘tridhaiva saḥ’ iti sa pakṣadharmmastriprakāra eva svabhāvakāryānupalambhākhyastadaṃśena vyāpto nānyaḥ| [sa] triprakārastadaṃśena vyāpta eveti sambandhaḥ| kiṃ kāraṇam ?| “avinābhāvaniyamāt”| avinābhāvasya-vyāpteḥ| trividha eva pakṣadharmme niyamāt| trividhasya ca pakṣadharmmasyāvinābhāvaniyamāt| tena ca [sva]bhāvakāryānupalambhātmakatrividhapakṣadharmmavyatiriktā na tadaṃśena vyāptā iti| trividhaśca kāryasvabhāvānupalabdhirūpaḥ pakṣadharmmastadaṃśena vyāpta eveti na tasyāhetutvamityuktaṃ bhavati| tatastrividhahetubāhyeṣvavi[nābhā]bāddhetuvyavahāraṃ kurvvantaḥ, trividhe ca hetāvavinābhāvasyāvaśyambhāvā[bhāvā]dahetutvamācakṣāṇā nirastā bhavanti|

[4. hetvābhāsalakṣaṇānabhidhānepi tatsūcanam|]
tatraitat syāt-hetvābhāsānamapi [lakṣaṇam]bhidhānīyaṃ tatra śiṣyāṇāṃ hetuvyavahāranivṛttaya ityāha “hetvābhāsāstato'pare” iti| “tataḥ” pakṣadharmmastadaṃśena vyāpta iti hetulakṣaṇād “apare” a[nye ta]lakṣaṇavikalā hetvābhāsā gamyanta eveti na tallakṣaṇamucyate| tathā hi-“pakṣadharmmaḥ” ityukte yatra pakṣadharmmatā nāsti na sa hetuḥ| “tadaṃśena vyāptaḥ” iti vacane yatra tadaṃśavyāptiviraho viparyayavyāptervyāpakasya vā tatrāvaśyambhāvābhāvāt, te heturūpavikalatayā “hetvābhāsāḥ” asiddhaviruddhānaikāntikā gamyanta eva| tathā hi-yallakṣaṇo yo'rthaḥ śiṣyasya vyutpāditaḥ tallakṣaṇavirahite na tadvayavahāraṃ svayameva pravartayiṣyati a[tadrūpa]parihāreṇaiva tadrūpapratipatteriti na tatra yatnaḥ phalavān bhavati| yattvanyatra hetvābhāsavyutpādanaṃ tanmandabuddhīnadhikṛtya| idaṃ tu prakaraṇaṃ vipulamatīnuddiśya praṇītam “saṃkṣepataḥ” iti vacanāt| ta eva hi saṃkṣepoktaṃ yathāvadavagantuṃ kṣamāḥ na mandamatayaḥ, teṣāṃ vistarābhidhānamantareṇa yathāvadarthapratipatterabhāvāt| ata evārthākṣiptopanyāsapūrvakameva hetvābhāsalakṣaṇaṃ tatropavarṇitamiti| tadatra vyākhyāne hetulakṣaṇaṃ 1 hetusaṃkhyāniyamaḥ 2 tasya ca trividhasya hetutvāvadhāraṇaṃ 3 tadubhayakāraṇaṃ 4 śliṣṭanirddeśā[khyānaṃ 5] hetvābhāsalakṣaṇānabhidhānakāraṇaṃ 6 ceti ṣaḍarthāḥ śloke'tra nirdiṣṭā iti|

kiñca-idamapi sādhu dṛśyate-“tridhaiva” kāryasvabhāvānupalabdhi[bheda]bhinnaḥ sa hetuḥ| tathā, tridhaiva pakṣadharmmānvayavyatirekarūpabhedāt “triprakāra eva” trirūpa eva| tadaṃśavyāptivacanenānvayavyatirekayorabhidhānāt| nābādhitaviṣayatvādirūpāntarayogyapi sa hetuḥ| kutaḥ ? yataḥ “hetvābhāsāstato'pare” “tataḥ” trividhāt svabhā[vā]deḥ, pakṣadharmmādirūpatrayayogino vā “apare” anye saṃyogyādayo'bādhitaviṣayatvādivyatiriktarūpavanto vā| kasmād ?| avinābhāvasya atraiva trividha eva trirūpa eva ca hetau niyamādanyatra svabhāvādivyatirikta(kte) rūpāntarasambhavini vā avinābhāvābhāvādityarthaḥ| na hi svabhāvādivya[ti]rikte pratibandhanibandhanasyā'vinābhāvasya saṃbhavaḥ tadvati vā rūpāntarasya| yathā cā(ca) satyevāvinābhāve rūpāntarasya na sambhavastathā “ṣaḍlakṣaṇa” ityādinā vakṣyati|

[5. diṅnāgānusāreṇa pakṣaśabdasya dharmimātraparatvam|]
“pakṣadharmmaḥ” ityatra hetulakṣaṇe'pi kriyamāṇe yadi samudāyaḥ pakṣe(kṣo) gṛhyate yo'numānaviṣayastadā sarvvo heturasiddhaḥ, siddhau vā'numānavaiyarthyamityāha “pakṣo dharmmī” iti| kathaṃ punaḥ samudāyavacanaḥ pakṣaśabdo dharmmimātre vartata iti cet? “avayave samudāyopacārāt”| pakṣākhyasya hi samudāyasya dvāvavayavau dharmmī dharmmaśca| tadatra dharmmimātre samudāyopacārāt pakṣaśabdo vartate| tadekadeśatvaṃ ca samudāyopacāranimittamiti na sādhyadharmmiṇo'nyatra tatprasaṅgaḥ| taduktam-

“samudāyasya sādhyatvāt dharmmamātre [ca]dharmmiṇi|
amukhye'pyekadeśatvāt sādhyatvamupacaryate||”iti|

[6. diṅnāgavyākhyāne īśvarasenākṣepastatuddhāraśca|]
tadetadācāryīyaṃ vyākhyānamīśvarasenenākṣiptaṃ parihartuṃ pūrvvapakṣayannāha “prayo[jane]” tyādinā|

“nartte, prayojanādiṣṭraṃ(ṣṭaṃ) mukhyaśabdārthalaṅghanam|”

ityasati prayojane nopacāro yuktaḥ| tato dharmmidharmma ityevāstviti paraḥ| “na” prayojanābhāvaḥ| kutaḥ ? sarvvaścāsau vivādāśrayo'nyo vā dharmmī yastasya pratiṣedho'rthaḥ prayojanaṃ yasyopacārasya tabhdāvastasmāt “sarvvadharmmidharmmapratiṣedhārthatvādupacārasya” iti prayojanābhāvādityasiddho hetuḥ|

ka evaṃ sati guṇaḥ ? iti cedāha “evaṃ hi” upacāre sati “cākṣuṣatvādi” ādigrahaṇāt ‘kākasya kārṣṇyāt’ ityādi vyadhikaraṇāsiddhaṃ “parihṛtaṃ” hetutvena nirastaṃ “bhavati”| dharmmidharmma iti tu sāmānye [nābhi]dhānāt teṣāmapi hetutā syāditi|

asatyupacāre dharmmigrahaṇādapyetat sidhyati| tato'narthaka evopacāra ityāha paraḥ- “dharmmavacanenāpi ” na kevalaṃ dha[rmmiva]canena| “dharmyāśrayasiddhau” dharmmiṇa āśrayaṇamāśrayaḥ parigrahastasya siddhistasyāṃ satyām| kiṃ punarddharmmasya dharmyākṣepanimittamiti cet ? “parā[śrayatvā]t”-dharmmiparatantratvāt “dharmmasya” avaśyamasau dharmmiṇamākṣipati| tato dharmmivacanamatiricyamānaṃ viśiṣṭaṃ sādhyadharmmiṇameva pratipādayati, [na dharmimātram]| syānmatam-dharmmigrahaṇād viśiṣṭo'tra dharmmī kaścidabhipreta iti gamyeta| sa tu sādhyadharmmīti kutaḥ? ityāha- “pratyāsatte”rnyāyāt| pratyāsattiścātra dharmmi[vacanasāmarthyāda]bhipreteti gamyate| vyāptau tu nyāye dharmmavacanenāpi dharmmimātrākṣepat dharmmigrahaṇa-vaiyarthyam| pratyāsannatā ca sādhyadharmmiṇa eva, tatra prathamaṃ he [tūpa]darśanāt| na pratyāsatteḥ sādhyadharmmiparigrahaḥ| kutaḥ ?| “dṛṣṭāntadharmmiṇo'pi” na kevalaṃ sādhyadharmmiṇaḥ pratyāsatteḥ| kadācid vyāptidarśanapūrvvake prayoge dṛṣṭāntadharmmiṇyapi prathamaṃ hetusabhdāvopadarśanāt|

yadi na pratyāsatteḥ sādhyadharmmisiddhiḥ pāriśeṣyāt tarhi bhaviṣyati| yataḥ “tadaṃśavyāptyā” hetubhūtayā “dṛṣṭāntadharmmiṇi” dharmmasya satva(ttva)siddheḥ| nahi dṛṣṭāntamantareṇa hetoḥ sādhyena vyāptiḥ pradarśayituṃ śakyata iti manyate| tato dharmmigrahaṇādvayatiricyamānāt sādhyadharmmiṇa eva parigrahaḥ| “tadaṃśena” iti ca tacchabdena dharmmavacanākṣipto dharmmī sambhantsyata iti tatsambandhanārthamapi dharmmigrahaṇaṃ nā''śaṅkanīyam| yatra prayojanāntaraṃ na sambhavati sa pāriśeṣyaviṣayaḥ, dharmmivacanasya tvanyadapi prayojanaṃ sambhāvyate| tat kutaḥ pāriśeṣyāt “dharmmivacanāt sādhyadharmiparigrahaḥ” ? iti manyamānaḥ siddhāntavādyāha-“siddhe tadaṃśavyāptyā dṛṣṭāntadharmmiṇi satva(ttve) punarddharmiṇo vacanaṃ dṛṣṭāntadharmiṇa eva yo dharmmaḥ sa heturiti niyamārthamāśaṅkayeta| tataśca cākṣuṣatvādaya eva hetavaḥ syuḥ, na kṛtakatvādaya iti aniṣṭameva syāt tasmādupacāraḥ kartavyaḥ” iti|

kiṃ punastarkkaśāstra dṛṣṭaṃ kvacit niyamārthavacanamitya āha-
“dṛṣṭaṃ sajātīya eva” ityādi| “tatra yaḥ san sajātīye-” [nyāyamukha 7] ityatrā'cāryīye hetulakṣaṇe ‘sajātīya e[va] satva(ttva)mi’tyavadhāraṇena siddhe'pi hetorvyatireke| kutra ?| sādhyābhāve| yadetat “asaṃstadatyaye” [nyāyamukha 7] iti asatva(ttva)vacanaṃ tanniyamārthamācāryeṇa vyākhyāta[m a]satyeva nāstitā yathā syāt nānyatra na viruddha iti| tathehāpi dharmmivacanaṃ tatraiva bhāvaniyamārthamāśaṅkayeta| kadā ? siddhe'pi dṛṣṭāntadharmmiṇi [sa]tve(ttve)| kutaḥ ? tadaṃśavyāptivacanāt| kva bhāvaniyamārtham ? “[ta]traiva” dṛṣṭāntadharmmiṇi, sati cāśaṅkāsambhave| kutaḥ ?| pāriśeṣyāt sādhyadharmmiparigrahaḥ| nanu apakṣadharmmasyāhetutvāt na niyamārthatāśaṅkā| tathā hi-sādhyadharmmeṇa vyāpto'pi dharmmo yadi kvacid dharmmiṇyupalabhyeta tadā tatraiva svavyāpakapratītiṃ janayet nānyatra [pratyā]sattiviprakarṣābhyāṃ yathākramam| anupalavdhastu kvacid dharmmiṇi kathaṃ gamakaḥ ?| tathābhāve vā sarvvatra svavyāpakaṃ gamayet pratyāsattiviprakarṣābhāvāde[vetyata] āha- “tasmāt sāmarthyāt” ityādi| yadidamanantaraṃ sāmarthyaṃ samupavarṇṇitam āsmāt sāmarthyādarthasya sādhyadharmmiparigrahalakṣaṇasya bhavati pratīti[rpa]ṭudhiyāṃ śrotṛṇām, kintvaśabdakamarthaṃ svayamanusaratāṃ pratipattigauravaṃ syāt| tadupacāramātrāt svayamaśabdakārthābhyūharahitād dharmmidharmma ityane [na pa]kṣadharmma iti “samānanirddeśāt [pratipattigauravaṃ ca] parihṛtaṃ bhavati|” “pratipattigauravaṃ ca” iti ‘ca’śabdenaitadāha-ye paropadeśamākāṅkṣanti tairayamartho lakṣaṇa[vaca]nād boddhavya iti|

yathālakṣaṇaṃ pratīterapakṣadharmmo na heturiti kutaḥ ? iyamāśaṅkā| tatasteṣāṃ lakṣaṇānusāriṇāṃ niyamāśaṅkāparihārārthaṃ copacārakara[ṇami]ti|

[7. pakṣadharma ityatra niyamavyavasthā|]
iha vyavacchedaphalatvāt śabdaprayogasyāvaśyamevāvadhārayitavyam| ṣaṣṭhīsamāsācca pakṣadharmma ityatra nānyaḥ samāsaḥ sambhavati| tathā ca pakṣasyaiva dharmma [i]tyevamavadhāraṇāt tadaṃśavyāptirvvirudhyata iti viruddhalakṣaṇatāmubhdāvayannāha “pakṣasya dharmmatve tvaṃ(taṃ) pakṣaṃ viśeṣaṇamanyato vyavacchedakamapekṣata” iti “tadviśeṣaṇāpekṣasya” dharmmasya “anyatra” pakṣīkṛtādanyasmin sapakṣe ”ananuvṛttiḥ”| tathā hi-yaḥ pakṣeṇa viśeṣyate sa pakṣasyaiva bhavati nānya[sya]| yathā-yo devadattasya putraḥ sa tasyaiva putro na yajñadattasyāpi| tato'nyatrānanuvṛtteḥ “asādhāraṇatā”-sādhāraṇatā na syāt| tadaṃ śavyāptivirodha [i]ti yāvat| sādhāraṇatāyāstva(yāśca) tadaṃśavyāptyā pratipādanāt| tato yadi pakṣadharmmo na ta[daṃśe]na vyāptiḥ, atha tadaṃśavyāptirnna pakṣadharmma iti vyāhataṃ lakṣaṇamiti|

nanu ca tadaṃśavyāptirnāma sādhyadharmmasya vyāpakasya tatra hetau sati tadādhāradharmmiṇi bhāva, eva, vyāpyasya vā hetostatraiva vyāpake sādhyadharmme satyeva bhāva iti svasādhyāvinābhāvalakṣaṇā vakṣyate| na cānayā'vaśyaṃ pakṣīkṛtādanyatra vṛttirākṣipyate, yato lakṣaṇavyāghāta āśaṅkyeta| tathā hi-tatraiva pakṣīkṛte satyeva sādhyadharmme heturvvarttamānastadaṃśavyāptiṃ pratipadyata eva| yaiva cāsya sādhyadharmmiṇi svasādhyāvinābhāvitā saiva gamakatve nibandhanaṃ nānyadharmmiṇi| sa ca svasādhyāvinābhāvaḥ pratibandhasādhakapramāṇanibandhanaḥ, na sapakṣe kvacid bahulaṃ vā sahabhāvamātradarśananibandhanaḥ| na hi lohalekhyaṃ vajram pārthivatvāt kāṣṭhādivat iti tadanyatra pārthivatvasya lohalekhyatā'vinābhāvo'pi tathābhāvo bhavati| yadi ca pakṣīkṛtādanyatraiva vyāptirādarśayitavyeti niyamastadā satvaṃ(ttvaṃ) kathaṃ kṣaṇikatāṃ bhāveṣu pratipādayet ?| yo hi sakalapadārthavyāpinīmākṣa(nīṃ kṣa)ṇīkatāmicchati taṃ prati kasyacit [sa]pakṣasyaivābhāvāt| yadapi kaiścit jvālādeḥ kṣaṇikatvamabhyupagamyate tadapi na pratyakṣataḥ, kṣaṇavivekasyātisūkṣmatayā'nupalakṣaṇāt| anyatraiva ca vyāptirādarśanīyā na sādhyadharmmiṇyapīti ko'yaṃ nyāyaḥ ?| evaṃ hi kālpanikatvaṃ hetulakṣaṇasya pratipannaṃ syāt, na vastubalapravṛttatvam, tasmāt svasādhyapratibandhād hetustena vyāptaḥ sidhyati| sa ca viparyaye bādhakapramāṇavṛttyā sādhyadharmmiṇyapi sidhyatīti na kiñcidanyatrānuvṛttyapekṣayā| ata evānyatroktam- “yat kvacid dṛṣṭaṃ tasya yatra pratibandhaḥ tadvidaḥ tasya tad gamakaṃ tatreti vastugatiḥ” iti|

yadapi “anumeye'tha tattalye sabhdāvaḥ-” ityādi lakṣaṇaṃ tatrāpi sādhyadharmmavāneva sapakṣa ucyate| tataḥ satyeva sādhyadharmme vā'stītyevaṃparametat| tataśca taddharmmaṇaḥ sādhyadharmmiṇo'pi vāstavaṃ sapakṣatvaṃ na vyāvarttate| sādhyatveneṣṭatayecchāvyavasthitalakṣaṇena pakṣatvena tasya nirākarttumaśakyatvāt| tasmāt tadaṃśavyāptivacanena svasādhyāvinābhāvitvasya pratibandhanibandhanasyānyathā tadayogādabhidhānānnāvaśya manyatra vṛttirākṣipteti, kathamidamāśaṅkitam?| satyam, naivedamāśaṅkanīyam, yadi sarvvasya hetoḥ pakṣīkṛte eva dharmmiṇi svasādhyapratibandhaḥ pramāṇato niścetuṃ śakyeta| yathā sattvalakṣaṇasya svabhāvahetoḥ kṣaṇikatāyāṃ sādhyāyāṃ tādātmyaṃ viparyaye bādhakapramāṇavṛttyā| kāryahetostu pa[kṣīkṛtadharmiṇā| kasyacit svabhāvahetoḥ] pratyakṣānupalambhasādhanaḥ pratibandhaḥ kathaṃ parokṣe sādhyadharmme gṛhyeta?| tasmāt tasyānyatraiva [prasiddhiriti tadviśeṣaṇāpekṣasya tatra apekṣaṇāt anya]trānanuvṛtteḥ asādhāraṇatā sambhavamātreṇāśaṅkitā| tadā hyanyatrāvartamānaḥ sādhyaviparīta[vyatireka]...........................................................tadubhayabahirbhāvāyogāt taddharmmiṇaḥ sādhyavṛttivyavacchedābhyāṃ sarvvasaṃgrahāt tatra saṃśayahetu[rbhavati| syānmatam- kvacidāśraye sattāyāḥ prākpravṛttapūrvagṛhī]tavismṛtapratibandhasādhakapramāṇasmṛtaye'nyatra vṛttirapekṣaṇīyā| etat pariharati| “na” ityādi| [nānyatrānanubhavattiḥ| kutaḥ ? ayogo'samba]ndhaḥ tavdyavacchedena viśeṣaṇāt pakṣasya| na hyanyayogavyavacchedenaiva viśeṣaṇaṃ bhavati| [kintu ayogavyavacchedenāpi| yatra dharmiṇi dha]rmmasya sabhdāvaḥ saṃdihyate tatrā'yogavyavacchedasya nyāyaprāptatvāt| atra ca dṛṣṭāntaḥ[“yathā caitro dharnurdhara iti”| caitre hi dhanurdhara]tvaṃ saṃdihyate kimasti nāsti iti| tataścaitro dhanurddhara iti tatsabhdāvapratipādikā śrutīḥ [pakṣāntaramadhanurdharatvaṃ śroturāśaṅkopasthāpitaṃ] nirākarotītyayogavyavacchedo'tra nyāyaprāptaḥ| parābhimatavyavacchedanirācikīrṣayā''ha-[“na, anyayogavyavacchedena viśeṣaṇāt” anyatrānanuvṛttera]sādhāraṇateti sambandhaḥ| atrāpi dṛṣṭānto “yathā pārtho dhanurddhara iti”| sāmānyaśabdo'pyayaṃ dha[nurdharaśabdaḥ prakaraṇasāmarthyādinā prakṛṣṭaguṇavṛttiḥ| iha pārthe] hi dhanurddharatvaṃ siddhameveti nāyogāśaṅkā| [tādṛ]śaṃ tu sātiśayaṃ kimanyatrāsti nāstītyanyayoga [śaṅkāyāṃ śrotuḥ yadā pārtho dhanurdhara iti ucya]te tadā'nyayogavyavacchedo nyāyaprāptaḥ, pratipādyāśaṅkopasthāpitayoreva pakṣayoḥ para[sparaṃ virodhāt ekanirdeśena anyayogavyavacchedasya] nyāyabalāyātatvāt| tadiha pakṣe'styayaṃ dharmmo na veti saṃśītau [pakṣadharma ityukte pakṣasya dharma eva nādharmaḥ| dharmaśca āśritatvādviśeṣaṇaṃ tenāyogo vya]vacchidyate nānyayogastadaṃśavyāptyā tasya pratipādita[tvena dṛṣṭānte saṃdehābhāvāt|

“tadaṃśaḥ” taddharma iti]| tacchabdena pakṣaḥ parāmṛśyate na dharmmaḥ, dharmmasya dharmmāsambhavāt| aṃśaśca dharmmo naikadeśaḥ, pakṣa[śabdena dharmimātravacanāt| na tadaṃśaḥ tasya eka]deśābhāvāditi|

[8. vyāptervyāpyavyāpakobhayadharmatvam|]
tasya pakṣadharmmasya sato vyāptiḥ- yo vyāpnoti yaśca vyāpyate [tadubhayadharmmatayā pratīteḥ| yadā vyāpakadharmatayā vivakṣyate ta]dā vyāpakasya gamyasya| tatrāta satsaptabhyarthapradhānametat nādhārapradhānam, dharmmāṇāṃ dharmma[āntaratvābhāvāt| tenāyamarthaḥ]-yatra dharmmiṇi vyāpyamasti tatra sarvvatra bhāva eva vyāpakasya svagato dharmmo vyāptiḥ| tata[śca vyāpyabhāvāpekṣayā vyāpyasyaiva vyāptatāpratītiḥ]| na tvevamavadhāryate| vyāpakasyaiva tatra bhāva iti| hetvabhāvaprasaṅgādavyāpakasyāpi mūrttatvādestatra bhāvāt| nāpi ‘tatraive’ ti prayatnānantarīyakatvāderahetutāpatteḥ| sādhāraṇaśca hetuḥ syāt| nityatvasya prameyeṣveva bhāvāt| yadā tu vyāpyadharmmatā(rmatayā) vivakṣā vyāptestadā vyāpyasya vā gamakasya tatraiva vyāpake gamye sati| ytatra dharmmiṇi vyāpako'sti tatraiva bhāvo, na tadabhāve'pi vyāptiriti| atrāpi vyāpyasyaiva tatra bhāva ityavadhāraṇaṃ hetvabhāvaprasaktereva nāśritam, avyāpyasyāpi tatra bhāvāt| nāpi vyāpyasya tatra bhāva eveti sapakṣaikadeśavṛtterahetutvaprāpteḥ| sādhāraṇasya [ca] hetutvaṃ syāt| prameyatvasya nityeṣvavaśyaṃbhāvāditi| vyāpyavyāpakadharmmatāsaṃvarṇanaṃ tu vyāpterubhayatra tulyadharmmatayaikākārā pratītiḥ saṃyogivat mā bhūditi pradarśanārtham| tathā hi-pūrvvatrāyogavyavacchedenāvadhāraṇam uttaratrānyayogavyavacchedeneti kuta ubhayatraikākāratā vyāpteḥ ?| taduktam-

“liṅge liṅgī bhavatyeva liṅginyevetarat punaḥ|
niyamasya viparyāse'sambandho liṅgaliṅginoḥ||”iti|

etenā''cāryeṇa saṃyogabalāt gamakatve yo doṣa uktaḥ-
“na ca kenacidaṃśena na saṃyogī hutāśanaḥ|
dhūmo vā sarvvathā tena prāptaṃ dhūmāt prakāśanam||” iti|

sa iha nāvataratītyākhyātaṃ bhavati| tathā hi-saṃyogasya ubhayatrāviśeṣāt eṣa prasaṅgo na tu vyāpteḥ| na hi yādṛśī vyāpakadharmma vyāptiḥ tādṛśyeva vyāpyadharmma iti| tathā cāha-

“sambandho yadyapi dviṣṭhaḥ sahabhāvyaṅgaliṅginoḥ|
ādhārādheyavad vṛttistasya saṃyogivanna tu||” iti|

tena vyāpako vyāpyo na bhavati vyāpyaśca [na] vyāpaka iti| “tadaṃśena vyāpto hetuḥ” iti vacanāt na saṃyogipakṣokto doṣaḥ| nā'pyubhayorggamyagamakatāprasaṅgaḥ, yathoktād hetulakṣaṇād vyāpakasyaiva gamyatvapratīteḥ, vyāpyasyaiva gamakatāsampratyayāditi|

[9. vyāpteranvayavyatirekarūpayossūcanam|]
yadi tarhi “pakṣadharmmastadaṃśena vyāptaḥ” ityetaddhetulakṣaṇaṃ tataḥ pakṣadharmmatvaṃ tadaṃśavyāptiśceti dvirūpo hetuḥ syāt, anyatra ca trirūpa uktaḥ tat kathaṃ na vyāghātaḥ ? ityāha “etena” tadaṃśavyāptivacanena “anvayo vyatireko vā uktaḥ” veditavya iti sambandhaḥ| anvayavyatirekarūpatvād vyāpteriti bhāvaḥ| tathā hi-ya eva yenānvito yannivṛttau ca nivarttate sa eva tene vyāpta ucyate iti tadātmakatvād vyāptervyāptivacanenānvayavyatirekābhidhānam| tato vyāptivacanena rūpadvayābhidhānāt na vyāghāta iti|

[10. vyāpteḥ pratyakṣeṇānumānena vā niścayaḥ|]
tau ca jñapakahetvadhikārāt niścitau| “niścayaśca tayornnaikenaiva pramāṇena api tu yathāsvam|” yasya yad ātmīyaṃ pramāṇaṃ niścāyakaṃ tena| yasya ca yat niścāyakaṃ pramāṇaṃ tad uttaratra vakṣyati|

“anvayo vyatirako vā” iti tulyakakṣatāsūcanārtho ‘vā’śabdaḥ| tena sādharmyavaidharmyavatoḥ prayogayorekenaiva dvitīyagatervvidhipratiṣedharūpatayā vyāvṛttibhede'pi paramārthatastādātmyāt nobhayopadarśanamiti sūcitaṃ bhavati| vyatireko hi sādhyanivṛttau liṅgasya nivṛttidharmmakatvaṃ svabhāvabhūto dharmma ityanvayarūpatā vastuto'sya na virudhyate| “pakṣadharmmaśca”| kiṃ ?| “yathāsvaṃ pramāṇena niścitaḥ” ukta iti sambandhaḥ| niścayaprasaṅgena so'pyatra pratipādyate, niścitasya gamakatvāmākhyātum|.................................................................................... iti pradarśanārtho ‘vā’śabdaḥ| “pratyakṣeṇa ca svayaṃ svalakṣaṇākāratve'pyanantarasāmānyavikalpajananāt prasiddhiḥ” upacārato niścaya ucyate-pratyakṣapṛṣṭhabhāvino vikalpasyānadhigatārthādhigantṛtvābhāvaṃ darśayituṃ| tena yadyapi sāmānyarūpaṃ liṅgamavasthāpyate tathāpi svalakṣaṇapratītireva tadvyavasthānibandhanamiti pratyakṣataḥ pakṣadharmmasya sādhyadharmmiṇi prasiddhirucyate| etaccānantarameva vyaktīkariṣyate| “anumānato vā sādhyadharmmiṇi pakṣadharmmasya prasiddhi” rnniścayaḥ| pramāṇaphalabhedācca “anumānataḥ” anumānena niścaya iti āha| “atrodāharaṇe” yathākramaṃ “yathā pradeśe dhūmasya” dhūmasāmānyasya pratyakṣato niścayaḥ iti|

[11. uddayotakaramataṃ nirasya deśādyapekṣakāryahetorgamakatvoktiḥ|]
yastu manyate-‘yaḥ pradeśo'gnisambandhī so'pratyakṣo yastu pratyakṣo nabhobhāgarūpa ālokādyātmā dhūmavattayā dṛśyamāno na so'gnimān ataḥ kathaṃ pradeśe dhūmasya pratyakṣataḥ prasiddhiḥ| tasmād dhūma eva dharmmī yuktaḥ| sāgnirayaṃ dhūmaḥ dhūmatvāt ityevaṃ sādhyasādhanabhāvaḥ’ iti-tasyāpi sāgneḥ dhūmāvayavasyā'pratyakṣatvāt, paridṛśyamānasya corddhavabhāgavartino'gninā sahāvṛtteḥ, kathaṃ dhūmasāmānyasya sādhyadharmmiṇi pratyakṣataḥ prasiddhiḥ ?| dhūmāvayavī pratyakṣa iti cet; na, avayavavyatirekeṇa tasyābhāvāt| lokādhyavasāyatastasyaikatve vā pradeśasyāpi tāvataḥ kalpitamekatvaṃ na nivāryate| pradeśe eva ca loko'gni pratipadyate, na dhūme| deśakālādyapekṣayaiva ca kāryaheturggamakaḥ| yadāha-

“iṣṭaṃ viruddhakārye'pi deśakālādyapekṣaṇam|
anyathā vyabhicāri syād bhasmevā'śītasādhanaḥ (dhane)||
iti|

“tato deśādyapekṣā'gnisādhane dhūmavattayā|
gṛhyamāṇasya deśasya dharmmitā na virudhyate||”

yathā balākāvato vṛkṣāderddeśādyapekṣayā jalasādhanatvamiti|
“śabde vā kṛtakatvasya” pratyayabhedabhiditvādinānumāneneti|

[12. nirvikalpaṃ kathaṃ sāmānyagrāhīti kumārilākṣepasyottaram|]
atra yathopavarṇṇitaṃ pratyakṣataḥ pakṣadharmmasya sādhyadharmmiṇi prasiddhāvabhiprāyamapratipadyamānaḥ kumārilaḥ-‘kathaṃ pratyakṣeṇa(ṇā)vikalpena sāmānyātmano liṅgasya dhūmādeḥ svarūpagra[haṇa]mapi tāvad yujyate, dharmmiṇo vā kuta eva tatsambandhagrahaṇam’- iti pratyavatasthe| tena hi “pratyakṣapūrvvakatvāccānumānāderddharmmaṃ pratyanimittatvam” ityetad bhāṣyam-

“kathaṃ pratyakṣapūrvvatvamanumānādino bhavet ?|
yadā smṛtyasamarthatvānnirvvikalpendriyasya dhīḥ||
na cāvikalpyaliṅgasya dharmmisambandhayostathā|
gṛhītiḥ”

ityākṣipya-
“ pratyakṣāgrahaṇaṃ yattu liṅgāderavikalpanāt|
tanneṣṭatvād vikalpasyāpyartharūpopakāriṇaḥ||
asti syālocanājñānaṃ prathamaṃ nirvvikalpakam|
bālamūkādivijñānasadṛśaṃ śuddhavastujam||
tataḥ paraṃ punarvvastu dharmmairjātyādibhiryayā|
buddhyāvasīyate sā'pi pratyakṣatvena sammatā||”

iti bruvatā-‘saugatānāmevāyaṃ liṅga-dharmmi-tatsambandhāgrahaṇalakṣaṇo doṣo yeṣāmavikalpakameva pratyakṣaṃ, nāsmākaṃ savikalpamapi pratyakṣamicchatām’ ityuktaṃ bhavati| tatastadupavarṇṇitadoṣapratividhānāyā''ha-“sadhūmaṃ hi” ityādi| ayamatra samudāyārthaḥ-pratyakṣaṃ hi purovasthitamauttarādharyeṇa dhūmapradeśādikaṃ vidhirūpeṇa dhūmādisvalakṣaṇaṃ sakalasajātīyavijātīyavyāvṛttaṃ ca svasvabhāvavyavasthiteḥ sarvvāsāmarthamātrāṇāṃ parasparamasaṃkīrṇṇarūpatvāt tatsāmarthyabhāviyathāsthānamanukurvvatpāścāttyavidhipratiṣedhavikalpadvayaṃ janayati yena dhūmapradeśākhyau dharmmadharmmiṇau tayoścauttarādharyam ‘evametat nānyathā’ iti vikalpayati| yathānubhavamabhyāsapāṭavādipratyayāntarasahakāriṇāṃ vikalpānāmudayāt| tato dharmmadharmmiṇoḥ svarūpaniścayaḥ sambandhaniścayaśca pratyakṣanibandhanaḥ sampadyate| tathā hi-ayameva dhūmapradeśayoḥ sambandhasya niścayo yaḥ ‘atrāyam’ ityadhyavasāyaḥ| sa cāvikalpenāpi pratyakṣeṇa yathoktena prakāreṇa sampādita eva| na cauttarādharyāvasthitād vastudvayādanya eva kaścidādhā[rādhe]yabhāvalakṣaṇaḥ sambandhaḥ yataḥ tasya pratyakṣeṇānanubhūtatvāt paścāda(d) vikalpanaṃ syāt| vastubhūtasya tasyānyatra niṣedhāt| tasmādayaṃ tadeva tathāvasthitamarthadvayamāśritya kalpanāsamāropita eva| tena sambandhaḥ sambandhīti bhedāntarapratikṣepāpratikṣepābhyāṃ dharmmadharmmitayā vyavahāro loke na tu pāramārthikaḥ| sāmānyavyavahāro'pi vijātīyavyāvṛttāneva bhāvānāsṛ(śri)tya kalpanāsamāropita eva pratanyate| teṣāmeva bhinnānāmapyanubhavadvāreṇa vijātīyavyāvṛttatayā prakṛtyaivaikākāraparāmarśapratyayahetutvāt| tathā cāha-

“ekapratyavamarśārthajñānādyekārthasādhane|
bhede'pi niyatāḥ kecit svabhāvenendriyādivat||”

tataḥ sāmānyavi[kalpajananadvārā] tatpratibhāsino dhūmākārasya vijātīyavyāvṛ[ttarūpasya sāmānyarūpatayā] pratyakṣeṇaiva gṛhītatvāt| na hi vijātīyavyāvṛttirvyāvṛttādanyaiva kācid yasyāḥ pratyakṣeṇāgrahaṇaṃ syāt| tasmād yathāparidṛṣṭaṃ dhūmādisvalakṣaṇamevānyato vyāvṛ[ttātmanā vi]kalpyata iti pratipatradhyavasāyavaśāt smṛtireva| dvividho vikalpaḥ pratyakṣapṛṣṭhabhāvī vastutaḥ punarnnirvviṣaya eva| tato yadāha- sāmānyasyānanubhūtatayā-

“smārttametadabhedena vijñānamiti yo vadet|
tasya vandhyāsute'pyasti nūnaṃ smaraṇaśaktatā||”
iti tadapyapāstamiti||

[13. anumiteḥ sāmānyaviṣayatve'navastheti kumārilākṣepasyottaram|]
athavā'paraṃ kumārilenābhihitam- “svalakṣaṇaviṣayaṃ pratyakṣaṃ sāmānyalakṣaṇaviṣayamanumānam” iti vacanāt dhūmādisāmānyamanumānagrāhyameva| tatra cānavasthā liṅgagrāhiṇo'pyanumānasya tadanyaliṅgabalenotpatteḥ| tasya ca sāmānyarūpatayā tadanyānumānamānaviṣayatvāt tathā tadanyasyāpīti kasyacidekasyāpi liṅginaḥ pratipattiḥ yugasahasrairapi na sambhavati| kimaṅga punarekena puruṣāyuṣkeṇeti| tathā cāha-

“sāmānyaṃ nānumānena vinā yasya pratīyate|
na ca liṅgavinirmuktamanumānaṃ pravarttate||
asāmānyasya liṅgatvaṃ na ca kenacidiṣyate|
na cānavagataṃ liṅgaṃ kiñcidasti prakāśakam||
tasyāpi cānumānena syādanyena gatiḥ punaḥ|
tadubhdūtiśca liṅgāt syāt sāmānyajñānasaṃhitāt||
tasya cāpyanumānatvaṃ liṅgena ca tadubhdavaḥ|
anumānāntarādeva jñātenaivaṃ ca kalpane||
liṅgaliṅgyanumānānāmānantyādekaliṅgini|
gatiryugasahastreṣu bahuṣvapi na vidyate||”

ityāśaṅkayā''ha “sadhūmaṃ hi” ityādi| evaṃ manyate| yasyānumānantareṇa sāmānyaṃ na pratīyate bhavatu tasyāyaṃ doṣaḥ, asmākaṃ tu pratyakṣapṛṣṭhabhāvinā'pi vikalpena prakṛtivibhramāt sāmānyaṃ pratīyate| liṅgavikalpasya ca svalakṣaṇadarśanāśrayatvāt paramparayā vastupratibandhādavisaṃvādakatvam, maṇiprabhāyāmiva maṇibhrānteḥ| kāryahetutvamapi vikalpāvabhāsino dhūmasāmānyasya liṅgatayā'vasthāpyamānasya kāryadarśanāśrayatayā tadadhyavasāyācca| na hi dhūmasvalakṣaṇasya liṅgatā'vasthāpayituṃ yuktā, tasyāsādhāraṇasya sapakṣe vṛttyabhāvāt, tadaṃśavyāptyayogāt, sādhyasādhanasaṃkalpe vastudarśanāsambhavācceti|

yattūktam ‘sāmānyalakṣaṇaviṣamanumānam‘ iti tatra naivamavadhāryate-sāmānyalakṣaṇaviṣayamanumānameveti| pratyakṣapṛṣṭhabhāvino vikalpasyāpi tadviṣayatvāt tadanyasya ca vikalpasya| kintu sāmānyalakṣaṇaviṣayamevānumānamityavadhāryate svalakṣaṇaviṣayatvaniṣedhārthamiti| tatra saha dhūmena vartata iti “sadhūmaḥ”| pakṣadharmmatāpratipadanārthamevamuktam| vidhivikalpasya caitadeva bījam| taṃ “sadhūmaṃ pradeśaṃ dṛṣṭavataḥ” pratyakṣeṇeti sambandhaḥ| kīdṛśam “arthāntaraviviktarūpam” arthāntaraiḥ sajātīyavijātīyairvviviktamasaṅkīrṇṇaṃ rūpamasyeti vigrahaḥ| sarvvabhāvānāṃ svasvabhāvavyavasthiteḥ svabhāvasāṅkaryābhāvāt| anyathā sarvvasya sarvatropayogādatiprasaṅgaḥ| anena pratiṣedhavikalpasya nimittamākhyātam, sāmānyotprekṣāyāśca bījam| taduktam-

“itaretarabhedo'ntya(sya) bījaṃ saṃjñā yadarthikā”
iti|
tathā hi-arthāntaravyāvṛttiṃ parasparavyāvṛttānāmapi samānāmutpaśyato bhinnameṣāṃ rūpaṃ tirodhāyā'bhinnaṃ svabhāvamāropayantī kalpanotpadyate| “asādhāraṇātmanā” iti arthāntaravyāvṛttena svabhāvena| na tu yathā kumārilo manyate- ‘arthāntaraviveko'bhāvapramāṇagrāhyo na pratyakṣāvaseyaḥ’ iti| nahi vastubalabhāvinā pratyakṣeṇa anyathādarśanasambhavo bhrāntatāprasaṅgāt| tenātmanā dṛṣṭavataḥ sataḥ puṃso'nantaraṃ “smārttaṃ liṅgajñānamutpadyate”iti sambandhaḥ| smṛtireva “smārttam”| liṅgapratibhāsi jñānaṃ “liṅgajñānam”| anena pratyakṣapṛṣṭhabhāvini vikalpe yatsāmānyamābhāti tasya līṅgavyavasthāmāha|

paramārthataḥ kiṃ viṣayaṃ ?| “yathādṛṣṭabhedaparamārtha[viṣayam”].............................................................................

[14. darśanavidhipratiṣedhavikalpeṣu prāmāṇyāprāmāṇyavyavasthā|]
[da]rśanavidhipratiṣedhavikalpānāṃ pramāṇāpramāṇacintāmārabhate| “tatra” teṣu darśanavidhipratiṣedhavikalpeṣu| tadādyaṃ yadetat-

“asti hyālocanājñānaṃ prathamam-” iti
ādau vikalpapravṛtterbhavamiti “ādyam” ākhyātam “asādhāraṇaviṣayam” svalakṣaṇaviṣayaṃ darśanaṃ tad “eva” pramāṇaṃ na vidhipratiṣedhavikalpāvapi| tasyaiva pramāṇalakṣaṇayogāditarayośca tadasambhavāt| tathā hi-anadhigataviṣayatvamarthakriyāsādhanaviṣayatvaṃ ca pramāṇalakṣaṇam| tad darśanasyaivāsti|

tatra “ādyam” ityapūrvvārthavijñānatvamākhyātam “asādhāraṇaviṣayam” iti arthakriyāsādhanaviṣayatvam| svalakṣaṇasyaivārthakriyāsādhanatvāt|

[15. pratiṣedhavikalpasyāprāmāṇyasthāpanam|]
tatra pratiṣedhavikalpasya tāvat pratyakṣagṛhītārthaviṣayatayā smṛtitvaṃ pratipādayannāha- “tasmin” asādhāraṇe “tathābhūte” arthāntarairasaṅkīrṇṇarūpe “darśanena” asaṅkīrṇṇarūpasāmarthyabhāvinā “dṛṣṭe” adhigate “sati”| tathā hi-vyatiriktamapi bhāvāṃśādabhāvāṃśamicchatā bhāvāṃśaḥ svabhāvenāsaṅkīrṇṇarūpaḥ kalpanīyaḥ, anyathā sa evābhāvāṃśo na sidhyet| na ca svabhāvenāsaṅkīrṇṇarūpatāyāmasatyāṃ pṛthagbhūtābhāvāṃśasabhdāve'pi sā yuktimatī, svahetubalāyātasya saṅkīrṇṇarūpasyākiñcitkarābhāvāṃśasambhave'pi tyāgāyogāt| na ca tenaiva tadvināśanam, vināśahetvayogasya pratipādayiṣyamāṇatvāt| tena saṅkīrṇṇarūpavināśane ca varaṃ svahetoreva svabhāvato'saṅkīrṇṇarūpāṇāmudayo'stu kiṃ parivrāḍmodakanyāyopagamena ?| tasmāt svabhāvata eva bhāvānāṃ pararūpavikalatvamabhāvāṃśaḥ nānyaḥ| sa ca tathābhūto darśanena gṛhīta eva| tasmiṃstathābhūte dṛṣṭe “sa” padārtho “yena” vastunā “asādhāraṇaḥ” samānasvabhāvo na bhavati tadrūpavikalasvabhāvatvāt “tadasādhāraṇatāṃ” tena tenātadrūpeṇāsamānasvabhāvatāṃ etadeva vyanakti| “tataḥ” arthāntarād “bhedaṃ” vailakṣaṇyamanyarūpamidaṃ na bhavatīti “abhilapantī” abhimukhayantī dṛṣṭavailakṣaṇye pravartamānatayā “smṛtirutpannā pratyakṣabalena”| yadi tu liṅgabalenotpadyeta vyavacchedaviṣayā'pi smṛtirnna syāditi bhāvaḥ| kiṃ viṣayā ?| “atadvyāvṛttiviṣayā|” tacchabdena darśanaviṣayasya vastunaḥ parāmarśaḥ kṛtaḥ| na tat atat vijātīyam| atasmād vyāvṛttiḥ atavdyāvṛttiḥ| sā viṣayo yasyāḥ sā tathā| athādṛṣṭa evārthāntarebhyo bhedo mayā'pi kalpyate iti pratipatra (ttara) dhyavasāyāccaivamuktam| parāmarthato nirvviṣayatvāt| sā “na pramāṇaṃ” nābhāvapramāṇaphalamityarthaḥ| na hi smṛtijanakatvena pramāṇatā yuktā| kasmāt na pramāṇam ?| yathādṛṣṭasyākāro'bhyāsapāṭavādipratyayāntarasāpekṣo viśeṣastasya grahaṇāt| na hi dṛṣṭimityeva vikalpena gṛhyate, darśanāviśeṣāt sarvvākāreṣu vikalpodayaprasaṅgāt, api tu kaścidevābhyāsādipratyayāpekṣa ityākāragrahaṇenācaṣṭe|

bhavatu yathādṛṣṭākāragrahaṇam| pramāṇaṃ tu kasmānna bhavatīti parasya taduktapramāṇalakṣaṇavirahaṃ darśayannāha- “prāg” ālocanājñānodayakāle “asādhāraṇam” assaṅkīrṇṇarūpaṃ dṛṣṭvā asādhāraṇamarthāntararūpaṃ na bhavatīti “abhilapataḥ” vikalpayataḥ “pratiṣedhavikalpasyāpūrvvārthādhigamābhāvād” apūrvvārthavijñānatāvirahāt| apūrvvārthavijñānaṃ ca pramāṇaṃ bhavatocyata iti bhāvaḥ|

[16. vidhivikalpasyāsyaprāmāṇyavyavasthāpanam|]
yadyuktena prakāreṇa pratiṣedhavikalpo na pramāṇaṃ, vidhivikalpastarhi pramāṇaṃ bhaviṣyati| nahi tasyāpūrvvārthavijñānatvābhāvaḥ sambhavati| tatpratibhāsino'nugatasya sāmānyākārasyāsādhāraṇarūpāvalambinā darśanenānadhigamāt tat kuto'syāprāmāṇyam| taduktam-

“tataḥ paraṃ punarvastu”
ityādi| tadetat kumarilavacanamāśaṅkya vidhivikalpasyāpi prāmāṇyamanupa(mapa)nudannāha- “arthakriyāsādhanasya” svalakṣaṇasya “ālocanājñānena darśanādadṛṣṭasya punastatsādhanasya” arthakriyāsādhanasya svabhāvasya “vikalpenāpratipatteḥ vidhivikalpo na pramāṇam”| yadyapi tenānadhigataṃ sāmānyamadhigamyata iti varṇyate tathā'pi tad arthakriyāsādhanaṃ na bhavati iti tadadhigantā taimirikādijñānaprakhyo vidhivikalpo na pramāṇam|

“tataḥ paraṃ punarvvastu dharmmairjātyādibhiryayā|
budhyāḥ(ddhyā)'vasīyate”
iti cocyate| tatra punarvvastugrahaṇena nirvvikalpakapratyakṣaviṣayasyaiva vastuno jātyādi viśiṣṭasya vikalpabudhyā(ddhyā)'vasāya ucyate| tasya ca nirvvikalpajñānenaivādhigamāt na tatra prāmāṇyam, jātestvarthakriyāsādhanatvābhāvādanadhigatāyā adhigame'pi keśādijñānasyeva na prāmāṇyam| ata evārthakriyāsāmarthyavirahiṇā sāmānyenendriyāṇāṃ samprayogābhāvāt pratyakṣatā'pyasaṃmbhavinī| ‘ca’kāreṇa smṛtitvācceti pūrvoktakāraṇasamuccayaḥ| smṛtitvaṃ cāsyottaratra pratipādayiṣyate| “anumānavad” iti vaidharmyadṛṣṭāntaḥ| yathā pratyakṣeṇārthakriyāsādhane pradeśākhyai dharmmiṇyadhigate'pyanadhigatasyāgnerarthakriyāsādhanasyāsāmānyākāreṇa parokṣasya svalakṣaṇākāreṇa pratipattumaśakyatvāt pratipattirnnaivaṃ vidhivikalpena sāmānyakāreṇānadhigamarthakriyāsādhanamadhigamyate, taisyālocanājñānenaivādhigamāt| tasmiṃ(smin) smṛtirevāsāviti na pramāṇamiti|

[17. arthakriyāsādhanaviṣayajñānasyaiva prāmāṇyasamarthanam|]
“arthakriyāsādhanaviṣayameva pramāṇam” netaraditi kuta etat? iti cet “arthakriyārthī hi” puruṣo yasmāt hitāhitaprāptiparihārārthī “sarvo” na kākatālīyanyāyena kaścideva, “prekṣāvān” buddhipurvvakārī “pramāṇamapramāṇaṃ vā” pramāṇādeva sarvvadā pravarta(rte)ya apramāṇāt mā kadācit, vipralambhasambhavād, “ubhayamanveṣate” na vyasanitayā| tato'yamarthakriyāsādhanaviṣayameva pramāṇaṃ bravīti, tasyārthakriyāsādhane pravṛttyaṅgatvāt| netarat, tadviparītatvāt| tathāhi-pramāṇamavisaṃvādakamapratārakamucyate loke'pi| yaccārthakriyāsādhanamanadhigacchanna tatra pravartayati, kuta eva tat prāpayet tat kathamavisaṃvādakatayā prekṣāpūrvvakārī pramāṇamācakṣīta ?|

[18. sāmānyasya vistareṇāvastutvasādhanam|]
yadyevaṃ sāmānyamapyarthakriyāsādhanameva tatastadviṣayo vidhivikalpaḥ pramāṇaṃ bhaviṣyatīti ced āha-“na ca”naiva “sāmānyaṃ kāñcit” tatsādhyatayopagatāmabhinnajñānābhidhānalakṣaṇāmanyāṃ vā vyaktisādhyām “arthakriyāmupakalpayati”| kīdṛśam ?, “svalakṣaṇapratipatteḥ” vyaktipratipatterālocanājñānasaṃjñitāyā “urddham” uttarakālaṃ “tatsāmarthyotpannavikalpavijñānagrāhyam” iti| tacchabdena svalakṣaṇapratipattiḥ sambadhyate| ‘tataḥ paraṃ punarvvastu’ ityādi parairabhidhānādevaṃ bravīti

darśanapṛṣṭhabhāvino vikalpasya pratyakṣapramāṇatāṃ nirākartum| sarvvameva tu sāmānyaṃ na kāñcidarthakriyāmupakalpayati| yat tu sāmānyamanumānavikalpagrāhyaṃ tat kāraṇavyāpakasambaddhaliṅganiścayadvārā''yātaṃ sambaddhasambandhādanadhigatārthakriyāsādhanaviṣayāmarthakriyāmupakalpayatīti tadviṣayo vikalpaḥ pramāṇam| idaṃ tu naivam, adhigatatvādarthakriyāsādhanasyālocanājñāneneti| atrodāharaṇam “yathā-nīlaṃ dṛṣṭvā nīlamiti jñāne” pratibhāsamānamiti śeṣaḥ| na sāmānyaṃ kāñcidarthakriyāmupakalpayatīti prakṛtena sambandhaḥ|

nanu ca liṅgavikalpapratibhāsi sāmānyaṃ prakṛtam tat kimanyadudāhriyate ?| sarvvasya darśanapṛṣṭhabhāvino vikalpasya paropagatāṃ pratyakṣapramāṇatāṃ tulyanyāyatayā nirākartum| kāṃpunarnnīlamiti vikalpajñāne darśanapṛṣṭhabhāvini pratibhāsamānaṃ sāmānyamarthakriyāṃ nopakalpayati ?| yadi vyaktisādhyām; tadā'nyo'pi padārtho'nyadīyāmarthakriyāṃ nopakalpayatīti tasyāpyanarthakriyāsādhanatvādavastutvaprasaṅgaḥ| atha svasādhyām; tadasiddham, abhinnajñānābhidhānalakṣaṇāyāḥ svasādhyāyāḥ karaṇādityāśaṅkayāha-“tadeva hi” yat tadālocanājñāne nopalabdhaṃ “nīlasvalakṣaṇam” nīlavyaktiḥ “tathāvidhasādhyārthakriyākāri”| tathāvidhaśabdena sāmānyamatrābhipretam, tādṛśaparyāyatvādasya, sādhāraṇarūpasya ca tādṛśatvāt| tena tathāvidhasādhyāṃ nīlasāmānyasādhyāmabhinnajñānābhidhānalakṣaṇāmarthakriyāṃ kartuṃ śīlamasya svalakṣaṇasyeti tat tathoktam|

evaṃ manyate-yathā bhinnā api vyaktayaḥ kayācit pratyāsattyā tadekakāryapratiniyamalakṣaṇayā tadekamabhinnaṃ sāmānyamupakurvvanti, tadaparasāmānyayogamantareṇāpi, anyathā'navasthāprasaṅgāt, tathā'bhinnajñānābhidhānātmikāmapyarthakriyāṃ sādhayiṣyanti| kimapramāṇakena pramāṇabādhitena ca sāmānyenopagatena ?| tathā hi-anumānādike jñāne yathāvidhamasyāspaṣṭaṃ rūpaṃ pratibhāsate na tathāvidhaṃ vyaktiṣu dṛśyamānāsupalakṣayāmaḥ| ekameva hi vyaktidarśanakāle spaṣṭaṃ nīlādirūpaṃ vibhāvayāmaḥ| tat kathamadṛṣṭakalpanayā''tmānaṃ svayameva vipralabhemahi ?| vyaktirūpasaṃsargād ayogolakavanhivadavibhāvanamiti cet; na, sarvvatra bhedābhedavyavasthāyā abhāvaprasaṅgāt| asyottarasyānyatrāpi sulabhatvāt| na ca sāmānyasya dve rūpe staḥ spaṣṭamaspaṣṭaṃ ca, yenaikena darśane pratibhāseta anyenānumānādijñāne, padārthadvayopagamaprasaṅgāt, pratibhāsabhedasyaiva sarvatra bhāvabhedavyavasthānibandhanatvāt, sāmānyasyāparasāmānyaprasakternniḥsāmānyasya cāsyopagamāt|

[19. kumāriloktadvayātmakabuddhernirasanam|]
etenaitadapi nirastam yadāha-
“sarvvavastuṣu buddhiśca vyāvṛttyanugamātmikā|
jāyate dvayātmakatvena vinā sā ca na yujyate||”
“na cātrānyatarā bhrāntirupacāreṇa ceṣyate|
dṛḍhatvāt sarvvadā buddherbhrāntistabhdāntivādinām||”

iti| yato yadīndriyabuddhimabhipretyocyate; tadāsiddham, aspaṣṭasya nīlādyākārasya spaṣṭanīlādyābhāsāyāṃ tatrānupalakṣaṇāt, spaṣṭasyāpi ca dvitīyasyānuyāyinaḥ| tabhdāve ca vyaktidvayāntarālamapyāpnuvataḥ kathaṃ tadanugamaḥ ?| vyāptau(vyaktau) copalabhyasya sataḥ tatrānupalakṣaṇaṃ kutaḥ ?| nahi tasya vyaktāvyaktarūpasambhavaḥ, ekatvāt| tathā cāha-

“vyaktāvekatra sā vyaktā'bhedāt sarvvatragā yadi|
jātirdṛśyeta sarvvatra [sāpi na vyaktapekṣiṇi]||”

iti| ekatrāpi ca vyaktāvupalabhyamānāyāṃ sakalatrailokyavyāpi rūpaṃ sakalasvāśrayavyāpi vā dṛśyeta ?| na hyekasyāḥ kiñcid dṛṣṭamadṛṣṭaṃ vā nāma kṣaṇikatādivad| dṛṣṭāyāmapyekatraivāśraye darśanāvasāyo na sarvvatreti cet; na, vikalpena taddarśanābhyupagamāt| na hi niścayaviṣayīkṛtaṃ cāniścitaṃ ceti yuktam| tataḥ sarvvagatarūpadarśane sarvvārthānāṃ darśanaprasaṅgaḥ| na hi taddarśane tatsahacāriṇa upalabhyasya tadabhinnasvabhāvasya cānupalambho yuktaḥ| tataḥ kathamindriyabuddherdvyātmakatā ?|

athānumānādibuddhim; tasyāmapi svalakṣaṇāpratibhāsanāt kuto dvayātmakatvam ?| na hi tāsu sāmānyagrāhiṇīṣvaspaṣṭo vyaktyākāra iva lakṣyamāṇaḥ svalakṣaṇapratibhāsaḥ| tadabhāve'pi tāsāṃ bhavāt| ākārāntareṇa ca svajñāne[']pratibhāsanāt anekākārāyogād ekasya, apratiprasaṅgācca| tasmānneyaṃ bhinnārthagrāhiṇyabhinnā sāmānyabuddhiḥ pratibhāti svalakṣaṇobhdavā satī| kintvanādivitatha vikalpābhyāsavāsanājanitā satī tathā'vabhāsate| dṛḍhatvaṃ ca buddhernnāvināśitvam, kṣaṇikatvābhyupagamāt kintvabādhyamānatvam| na cāsyāstat sambhavati, leśato bādhakasyoktatvāt| vistaratastu syāvdādabhaṅgād yathāvasaramihaiva tatra tatra vidhāsyamānād bādhakamavadhāryam| tasmād yathā vyaktayaḥ sāmānyāntaramantareṇa tadekamupakurvvanti tathā'bhinnajñānābhidhāne api pravartayiṣyantīti tadeva nīlasvalakṣaṇaṃ sāmānyasādhyatvopagatārthakriyākāri|

[20. kumāriladattasya doṣasya saugatabuddhyabādhakatvadarśanam|]
yastu-
“sāmānyaṃ nānyadiṣṭaṃ cet tasya vṛtternniyākam|
gotvenā'pi vinā kasmād gobuddhirnna niyamyate||
yathā tulye'pi bhinnatve keṣucid vṛttyavṛttitā|
gotvāderanimittā'pi tatha buddhirbhaviṣyati||”

iti pūrvvapakṣayitvā-
“viṣayeṇa hi buddhīnāṃ vinā notpattiriṣyate|
viśeṣādanyadicchanti sāmānyaṃ tena tad dhruvam||
tā hi tena vinotpannā mithyā syurvviṣayādṛte|
na tvanyena vinā vṛttiḥ sāmānyasyeha duṣyati||”

iti mithyātvaprasaṅgadoṣa ukto nāsau tathāgatasamayanayāvadātabuddhīn bādhate| sāmānyabuddhīnāṃ bādhakapratyayanibandhanasya mithyātvasyopagatatvāt| tathā hi-

“kasmāt sāsnādimatsveva gotvaṃ ? yasmāt tadātmakam|
tādātmyamasya kasmāt cet, svabhāvāditi gamyatām||”

iti vacanāt ‘vyaktisvabhāvaṃ ca sāmānyam| na cāsādhāraṇam vyaktyudayavināśayordhyā(yośca) nodayavyayayogi’ ityuyuktam, viruddhadharmmādhyāsato bhedaprasaṅgāditi| āha ca-

“tādātmyaṃ cetmataṃ jātervyaktijanmanyajātatā|
nāśe'nāśaśca keneṣṭaḥ ? tadvaccā'nanvayo na kim ?||
vyaktijanmanyajāta cedāgatā nāśrayāntarāt|
prāgāsīnna ca taddeśe sā tayā saṅgatā katham ?||
vyaktināśe na cennaṣṭā gatā vyaktyantaraṃ na ca|
tacchūnye na sthitā deśe sā jātiḥ kveti kathyatām||
vyakterjanmādiyoge'pi yadi jāteḥ sa neṣyate|
tādātmyaṃ kathamiṣṭaṃ syādanupaplutacetasām||” iti|

[21. nīlavikalpasyāprāmāṇyasamarthanam|]
yadi nīlasvalakṣaṇameva sāmānyasādhyārthakriyākāri tadeva tarhyadhigacchan vikalpaḥ pramāṇaṃ bhaviṣyatītyāha-“tacca” nīlakhalakṣaṇam| “tenātmanā” nīlasādhyārthakriyākāriṇā svabhāvena “dṛṣṭameva” ālocanāpratyayena| tato niṣpāditakriye karmmaṇyaviṣeṣādhāyi vikalpajñānaṃ kathaṃ pramāṇaṃ syāt ?| atha matam- sāmānyameva tarhyadhigacchan nīlavikalpaḥ pramāṇamastu| tacca sāmānyamarthakriyākāri| yato nīlasādhyāmevārthakriyāṃ nīlena saha sambhūya kariṣyati| vyaktisvabhāvānyeva hi sāmānyānītyāha- “na ca” naiva “tat svalakṣaṇagrahaṇottarakālabhāvino” nīlavyaktidarśanottarakālaṃ bhavanaśīlasya| liṅgagrahaṇottarakālabhāvinastu pūrvvoktena prakāreṇa vyaktisādhyārthakriyā sāmānyasya kalpitasya vyavasthāpayituṃ śakyata iti bhāvaḥ| “nīlavikalpasya viṣayeṇa” nīlasāmānyena “nīlasādhyārthakriyā” rañjanādikā “kriyate”| tasya vyaktisvābhāvyāyoge sati kalpitarūpasya tadasambhavāt| na ca nityasvabhāvatāmābibhrāṇena nīlavikalpasya viṣayeṇa nīlasādhyā'nyā vā'rthakriyā kriyate| kramayaugapadyavirodhāditi manyate|

[22. mīmāṃsakasaṃmatapramāṇalakṣaṇe doṣadarśanam|]
tadevaṃ ‘nīlaṃ dṛṣṭvā nīlam’ iti jñāne pratibhasamānaṃ sāmānyaṃ na kāñcidarthakriyāmupakalpayatīti prasādhya anarthakriyākāriviṣayasyāpi vikalpasya pratyakṣapṛṣṭhabhāvinaḥ prāmāṇyaprasaṅgādativyāptiriti “tatrāpūrvārthavijñānam” iti pramāṇalakṣaṇe mīmāṃsakairvviśeṣaṇamupādeyamiti darśayannāha-“tasmād” yata evamanarthakriyāsādhanaviṣayatayā darśanapṛṣṭhabhāvino vikalpasya prāmāṇyamayuktam tasmādasmadabhimataṃ “pramāṇamavisaṃvādi jñānam” iti pramāṇalakṣaṇaṃ vyudasya “anadhigatārthaviṣayaṃ pramāṇam”, “tatrāpūrvvārthavijñānaṃ pramāṇam” “iti api” etasminnapyāhopuruṣikayā'nyasmiṃ(smin) “pramāṇalakṣaṇe” kriyamāṇe “ativyāptiparihārāya viśeṣaṇīyaṃ” viśeṣaṇamupādeyam| kathaṃ viśeṣaṇīyam “anadhigate svalakṣaṇe iti”| anena hi viśeṣaṇenānumānavikalpasya ca prāmāṇyaṃ sidhyati, ālocanājñānapṛṣṭhabhāvinaśca vikalpasya prāmāṇyaṃ vyudasyata iti sarvvaṃ sustham|

tadevaṃ vidhivikalpasyānarthakriyāsādhanaviṣayatayā'nadhigatasāmānyadhigame'pi prāmāṇyaṃ nirākṛtya caśabdasamuccitaṃ smṛtitvaṃ pratiṣedhavikalpena sādhāraṇamaprāmāṇyakāraṇaṃ darśayannāha-“adhigate tu svalakṣaṇe” ālocanājñānena “tatsāmarthyajanmā” svalakṣaṇādhigamabalabhāvī “vikalpastadanukārī” sākṣādanutpatterddarśanasaṃskārādheyavaśaccāspa(cca spa)ṣṭanīlasvalakṣaṇākārānukārī dṛśyavikalpyayoścaikīkaraṇādevamucyate| vastutastu na kiñcidasāvanukaroti| “sa smṛtireva”| kutaḥ ? “kāryatastadviṣayatvāt” na paramārthataḥ| kāryamatra svalakṣaṇe puruṣasya pravartanam, tadadhyavasāyaśca| yataśca kāryataḥ tadviṣayatvāt smṛtirevāto “na pramāṇam” darśanabalotpanno vikalpaḥ| tathā hi-smṛterapyanubhūtasvalakṣaṇāṃśaviṣayāyā na paramārthatastadviṣayatvam| svalakṣaṇasyendriyabuddhāviva sphuṭarūpatayā smṛtāvapratibhāsanāt| kintu yathoktāt kāryata eva| tacca vidhivikalpe'pi samānamiti kathamasau smṛtirnna syāditi|

[23. anumānasya vidhivikalpavailakṣaṇyena prāmāṇyasamarthanam|]
tatraitat syāt-nanvanumānavikalpaḥ smṛtirūpo'pi pramāṇamiṣyate| tathā hi-yadevānagnivyāvṛttaṃ vastumātraṃ mahānasādāvanubhūtamāsīt tadeva pradeśaviśeṣe dhūmadarśanāt smaryate| tadvad vidhivikalpo'pi pramāṇaṃ bhaviṣyatītyata āha-“anadhigata”sya “vastu”no “rūpa”sya “anadhigateriti”| evammanyate-yat mahānasādāvanagnivyāvṛttaṃ vastumātraṃ prāganubhūtaṃ na tat taddeśādisambandhitayaivānumānavikalpena smaryate kintu yatra pradeśe prāgananubhūtaṃ tatsambandhitayā| tataḥ sādhyadharmmidṛṣṭāntadharmmigrāhidarśanadvayānadhigatasyānagnivyāvṛttasya vasturūpasyāyogavyavacchedenādhigamād yuktamasya prāmāṇyam| na tu darśanapṛṣṭhabhāvino vikalpasya, tadviparītatvāditi|

[24. pramāṇavyavasthāyāḥ vastvadhiṣṭhānatvaṃ, svalakṣaṇasyaiva ca vastutvam|]
yadi nāmānadhigataṃ vasturūpaṃ nādhigacchati, pramāṇaṃ tu kasmānna bhavatīti ced āha-“vastvadhiṣṭhānatvāt” ityādi| vastvadhiṣṭhānatvaṃ ca “pramāṇavyavasthāyāḥ” pramāṇavyāpāraviṣayamabhipretyocyate nālambanalakṣaṇam, anyathā'numānasya parikalpitasāmānyālambanatayā vastvadhiṣṭhānatvābhāvādavyāpinī pramāṇavyavasthā syād| yadi vastvadhiṣṭhānā pramāṇavyavasthā kathaṃ viprakṛṣṭaviṣayāyā anupalabdheḥ prāmāṇyam iti cet; tatrāpi pradhānādivikalpasyaiva bhāvānupādānatayā sādhyatvāt tasyā api vastvadhiṣṭhānatā'styevetyadoṣaḥ|

atha vastvadhiṣṭhānaiva pramāṇavyavastheti kuta etad ? ityāha-“arthakriyāyāṃ” sukhaduḥkhalakṣaṇāyāṃ yad “yogyaṃ” śaktaṃ “tadviṣayatvāt tadarthinām” arthakriyārthināṃ “pravṛtteḥ” prāptityāgalakṣaṇāyāḥ| yadi nāmarthakriyāyogye tadarthināṃ pravṛttistathāpi kathaṃ vastvadhiṣṭhānā pramāṇavyavasthā ?, arthakriyāyogyādhiṣṭhānā hi tathā sati syāt iti cet; āha-“arthakriyā”yāṃ yad “yogyaṃ” ta“llakṣaṇa”meva “hi vastu”| tato'rthakriyāyogyādhiṣṭhānatvena vastvadhiṣṭhānatvaṃ kathaṃ na syāt iti bhāvaḥ|

idaṃ ca vastvāśrayeṇa pramāṇavyavasthāpratipādanamanadhigate svalakṣaṇa ityukte kadācit paro brūyāt-vastumātranibandhanā hi pramāṇavyavasthā na svalakṣaṇāśrayaiva| tato yadyapyanadhigataṃ svalakṣaṇaṃ nādhigacchati tathāpyanadhigatavasturūpamadhigacchato vikalpasya prāmāṇyaṃ bhaviṣyatīti tadasiddhatobhdāvanārthamuktam- “anadhigatavasturūpe”tyādi| tadasiddhatobhdāvane cānadhigatavasturūpādhigantureva prāmānyaṃ netarasyeti kutaḥ ? iti paryanuyoge “arthakriyāyogye”tyādi uktam| tathā ca vastuviṣayamapi prāmāṇyaṃ bruvatā svalakṣaṇaviṣayamevoktaṃ bhavati, tasyaivārthakriyāsāmarthyalakṣaṇatvāt, sāmānyasya ca tadviparītatvāt iti manyate|

punarapyanubhavottarakālabhāvino nīlavikalpasya prāmāṇyamapanetumupacayahetumāha-“tato'pi” yathoktād vikalpād na kevalaṃ nīlasvalakṣaṇānubhavād “vastunyeva” svalakṣaṇa eva “tadadhyavasāyena” svalakṣaṇādhyavasāyena anyathā tatra pravṛttyayogāt “puruṣasya pravṛtte” adhigate svalakṣaṇe tatsāmarthyajanmā vikalpo na pramāṇamiti sambandhaḥ| pūrvvamanadhigatavasturūpānadhigateraprāmāṇyamuktam| adhunā tvadhigatasyaivādhigamāditi vidhipratiṣedharūpatayopapattyorbhedaḥ| yadvā “kāryatastadviṣayatvāt” iti yaduktaṃ tadevopacayahetuvyājena sphuṭīkṛtanam|

[25. vikalpasya darśanāt pṛthakpramāṇyābhāvaḥ|]
yadi nāma tadadhyavasāyena vastunyeva puruṣasya pravṛttistathāpyanadhigatasāmānyagrāhiṇo'sya darśanāt pṛthak prāmāṇyaṃ kimiti neṣyate? iti cet; āha-“pravṛttau” svalakṣaṇa eva satyāṃ “pratyakṣeṇa” ālocanājñānākhyena “abhinnayogakṣematvāt”| yogaḥ aprāptasya viṣayasya paricchedalakṣaṇā prāptiḥ, kṣemaḥ tadarthakriyānuṣṭhānalakṣaṇaṃ paripālanam| abhinnau yogakṣemāvasyeti sa tathoktaḥ| tatra vikalpasya nirvvikalpapratyakṣeṇābhinno yogaḥ svalakṣaṇādhyavasāyataḥ| abhinnaḥ kṣema ālocanāvijñānādiva vikalpādapi svalakṣaṇa eva pravṛtteḥ| ayamasyābhiprāyaḥ-yadi vikalpo nirvikalpacetasaḥ prameyāntaraviṣayastadā tatraiva puruṣaṃ pravartayatu tatsādhyāmarthakriyāmadhigantum| naiva vā pravartayet, tadviṣayatvābhimatasya sāmānyasyābhinnajñānalakṣaṇāyā evārthakriyāyā upagamād vikalpodayādeva ca tatsiddheḥ| nahi nīlānubhavāt prameyāntaraviṣayāḥ pītādipratyayāḥ puruṣaṃ nīlavastuni pravartayanti, sādhitārthakriyā vā kvacidapīti| tasmādālocanājñānānaivāyaṃ prameyāntaraviṣayaḥ| viśeṣeṇa yaireva vyākhyāyate-

“nirvikalpakabodhena dvayātmakasyāpi vastunaḥ|
grahaṇam”
iti| tato nīladarśanasyaiva nirvikalpasya prāmāṇyaṃ yuktam, na tadabhinnopayogasya smṛteriva vikalpasyāpi darśanāt pṛthageva| anyathā niṣphalāṃ pramāṇāntarakalpanāṃ kurvvataḥ smṛticchādveṣaprayatnādi pramāṇamanuṣajyata iti pramāṇānāmiyattā viśīryeteti|

[26. dhārāvāhikajñāneṣu yogitaditarāpekṣayā prāmāṇyāprāmāṇye|]
yadaikasminneva nīlādivastuni dhārāvāhīnīndriyajñānānyutpadyante tadā pūrvveṇābhinnayogakṣematvād uttareṣāmindriyajñānānāmaprāmāṇyaprasaṅgaḥ| na caivam, ato'nekānta iti pramāṇasaṃplavavādī darśayannāha-“pūrvvapratyakṣakṣaṇena” ityādi| etat pariharati-“na”, uttareṣāṃ prāmāṇyaprasaṅgaḥ| kutaḥ ?| “nānāyogakṣematvāt”| tathā hi-pratikṣaṇaṃ viṣayaparicchedalakṣaṇo yogaḥ, tadarthakriyānuṣṭhānalakṣaṇaśca kṣemaḥ paripālanarūpo bhidyate| tato vipakṣe vṛttyabhāvāt na heturanaikāntikaḥ| kadā nānāyogakṣematvam ?| “kṣaṇaviśeṣasādhyārthavāñchāyām”| yadā kṣaṇaviśeṣasādhye'rthe hitāhitalakṣaṇe vāñchā prāptiparihārecchā yogināṃ paropakāramuddiśya bhavati kasyacit kathañcit kvacidupayogāt tadā| yathā darśanamārgge duḥkhe dharmmajñānakṣāntirddamānāmanuśayānāṃ vāsanāṃ nirodhayati, tadviruddhāśayotpādanāt| duḥkhe dharmmajñānaṃ kleśaviviktatālakṣaṇāṃ nirvvāṇaprāptimutpādayati, anuśayaviruddhāśayadārḍhyotpādanāt| tat eṣāṃ grāhakāṇi paracittajñānāni pṛthageva pramāṇāni| parahitādhānadīkṣāvatāṃ ca samastavastuvistaravyāpijñānālokāvabhāsitāntarātmanāṃ bhagavatāṃ kaścidevārthakṣaṇaḥ kasyacideva parārthasyānugrāhako biabandhako veti sarvvabhāvān pratikṣaṇaṃ vīkṣamāṇānāmadhyakṣacetasāṃ tadviṣayakṣaṇānāṃ bhinnārthakriyāsūpayogato nānāyogakṣematvāt| tad yadi pratikṣaṇaṃ kṣaṇavivekadarśino'dhikṛtyocyate tadā bhinnopayogitayā pṛthak prāmāṇyāt nānekāntaḥ| atha sarvvapadārtheṣvekatvā'dhyavasāyinaḥ sāṃvyavahārikān puruṣānabhipretyocyate tadā sakalameva nīlasantānamekamarthaṃ sthirarūpaṃ tatsādhyāṃ cārthakriyāmekātmikāmadhyavasyantīti prāmāṇyamapyuttareṣāmaniṣṭameveti kuto'nekāntaḥ ? iti darśayannāha-“sādhāraṇe hi” iti| tatsantānavarttināṃ sarvvakṣaṇānāmekatvenādhyavasitānāṃ vyavahartṛbhiryat sādhāraṇaṃ pratikṣaṇamanyānyakāraṇatayā vibhinnamapi paramārthato viparyāsādekatāyā'bhiniviṣṭaṃ rañjanādikaṃ nīlādikakārtyaṃ tatra “na teṣām” uktareṣāṃ jñānakṣaṇānāṃ “sāmarthya” syārthaprāpaṇaśakte“rbhedaḥ”| pūrvvapratyakṣakṣaṇaviṣaya eva tebhyo'pi pravṛtterādyasyaiva tatra prāmāṇyam| tathā hi-arthakriyārthināṃ tatsādhanaprāpaṇasamarthe jñāne pramāṇavyavahāraṃ kurvvatāmaviklavadhiyāmarthakriyāsādhanabhedādeva prāmāṇyabhedavyavahāro jñāneṣu yuktaḥ anyathā smṛtyāderapi prāmāṇyaprasaṅgaḥ kathamapākriyeta ?, ādriyeta vā niṣphalā pramāṇavyavasthā prekṣāvatā iti ?|

keṣāmiva sādhāraṇe kārye na sāmarthyabhedaḥ ? ityāha- “aparāpare” ca te “dhūmā”śca taiḥ “pramitā”śca te “sannikṛṣṭāgraya”śca teṣviva tadviṣayāṇamiva “anumānajñānāmagnimātrasādhye'rthe” sandhukṣaṇādike vāñchite tadarthakriyāsādhanaprāpaṇavyaktibhedābhāvāt yathā prāmāṇyabhedo na yukto viduṣāṃ tathā'trāpi| yadā tu pañcatapastaptukāmo bhavati tadā'parāparadhūmapramitasannikṛṣṭāgniviṣayāṇāmapyanumānānāṃ sāmarthyabhedāt prāmāṇyamanivāritameva|

[27. vikalpaprāmāṇyanirāsasya phalitārthaḥ|]
tadevaṃ ‘yathā nīlaṃ dṛṣṭvā nīlamiti jñān(m)’ ityudāharaṇe nīlavikalpasya prāmāṇyaṃ nirākṛtya prakṛte yojayannāha- “etena” nīlasvalakṣaṇadarśanottarakālabhāvino nīlavikalpasya prāmāṇyanirākaraṇena|

“tanneṣṭatvād vikalpasyārtharūpopakāriṇaḥ|”
iti brūvatā kumārilena pradeśādidarśanottarakālabhāvino dharmmivikalpasya, tatā sambandhapratipattikāle'gnisvalakṣaṇadarśanasāmarthyabhāvino'gnisāmānyaviṣayasya sādhyadharmmavikalpasya, dhūmālocanājñānapṛṣṭhabhāvino dhūmasāmānyavabhāsino liṅgavikalpasya, ādigrahaṇād, dharmmadharmmisambandhavikalpasya ca pramāṇapṛṣṭhabhāvino “ dharmmyādisvarūpamātraviṣayālocanākhyapratyakṣapūrvvakasya”

“na cāvikalpyaliṅgasya dharmmisambandhayostathā
gṛhītiḥ”
ityākṣepabhayād yad abhyupagataṃ “prāmāṇyaṃ” tat “pratyuktaṃ” pratyākhyātam| pūrvvakameva svalakṣaṇaviṣayaṃ darśanaṃ yat pareṇālocanājñānamiti vyavahṛta tat pramāṇaṃ na tu tadvalabhāvī vikalpo yathoktena nyāyeneti sthitametat-“pakṣadharmmasya sādhyadharmmiṇi pratyakṣato'numānato vā prasiddhiḥ” niścaya iti|

tadevaṃ pratyakṣataḥ pakṣadharmmaniścayaṃ bruvatā prasaṅgena darśanapṛṣṭhabhāvino vikalpasya prāmāṇyanirākaraṇāt

“pratyakṣaṃ kalpanāpoḍham”
iti pratipāditam|

[28. anumānaprādhānyajñāpanam]
yadyevaṃ kasmad “anumānavyutpādanārthamidamārabhyate” ityuktam na sāmānyena ‘samyagjñānavyutpādanārtham’ iti ?| saṅkhayādivipratipattirapyatra tadviṣayā nirastaiva| parokṣārthapratipatteranumāna[mevāśra]yaḥ| kasmād ? yataḥ pakṣadharmma eva tadaṃśena vyāpta eva ca hetuḥ kāraṇaṃ tasyāḥ, nānya ityabhidhānāt parokṣārthaviṣayaṃ sarvvaṃ pramāṇamanumāne'ntarbhāvitamiti saṅkṣepataḥ saṅkhayāvipratipattiḥ samyagjñānaviṣayā nirastā| tathā, vyāpakāṃśasya gamyatvapratīteḥ tadaṃśavyāptivacanena sāmānyaviṣayamanumānaṃ na svalakṣaṇaviṣayamityākhyātam tasyāsādhāraṇatvāt, asādhāraṇasya ca vyāpakatvāyogāt, vikalpāviṣayatvācca| “tatra tadādyamasādhāraṇaviṣayam” ityācakṣāṇena svalakṣaṇaviṣayameva pratyakṣamuktam| “darśanameva pramāṇam” ityākhyānāt pramāṇameva phalamiti sūcitam, tasyārthapratītirūpatvāt| tathā, tasya dvidhā prayoga iti vakṣyamāṇatvāt parārthānumānaṃ kathayiṣyate, tasya trirūpaliṅgākhyānarūpatvāt| saṅkṣepataścānumānavyutpādanamapyabhimatam| tacca sarvvatrāsyeveti kasmāt “anumānavyutpādanārtham” ityuktam ?|

satyam, prādhānyāt tu tadgrahaṇam| tatā hi-pradhānapuruṣārthopayoginastattvasya caturāryasatyalakṣaṇasyānumānata eva niścayāt tasya prādhānyam| tathā pratyakṣe'pi viṣaye vivādasambhave, nānumānādanyannirṇṇayanibandhanam ityato'pyasya prādhānyam| pravartakatvācca prādhānyamasya| tathā hi-yadanubhūtaphalaṃ sukhaduḥkhasādhanam, anubhūyamānaphalaṃ vā dṛśyamānaṃ tatpravṛttiviṣayo nispannatvāt phalasya| tasmād yadanāgataphalaṃ sukhaduḥkhasādhanaṃ pratyakṣamapi tatrāpyanumānameva pravartakam| na hi tasyānāgate sukhaduḥkhe prati yogyatāṃ pratyakṣaṃ nirddhārayati, phalasya parokṣatvāt| taduktam-“ na hyapratyakṣe kārye kāraṇabhāvagatiḥ” iti|

tasmāt pūrvvānubhūtasukhaduḥkhasādhanasādharmyāt pratyakṣaviṣayasyāpi vastuno'nāgataphalayogyatāniścayaḥ na pratyakṣataḥ| tathā cāha-“tadyathādṛṣṭasādharmyāt tathāprasādhitaṃ nānumeyatāmatipatati” iti| kathaṃ tarhi dvayorapi pravartakatvam ? “na hyābhyāmarthaṃ paricchidya pravartamāno'rthakriyāyāṃ visaṃvādyate” ityuktam| sukhaduḥkhasādhanasya jalānalādeḥ svarūpasya pratyakṣataḥ prasiddheḥ, phalamanāgataṃ prati yogyatāyā anumānata ityubhayorapi pravartakatvam| samyagjñānapūrvvakatvaṃ ca hitāhitaprāptiparihārayoraktam na tvanāgataphalaṃ prati yogyatāyāḥ pratyakṣato'niścayāt| na hyarvvāgdarśināṃ bhāviphalayogyatāyāstato niścayaḥ, tataḥ prādhānyādanumānagrahaṇamityalamativistareṇeti|

[29. svabhāvahetāvanvayaniścayaḥ svapramāṇāyattaḥ|]
tatra svabhāvakāryānupalambhānāṃ pakṣadharmmaniścayastulyopāyasādhyatayā'bhedenaivoktaḥ anvayavyatirekaniścayasya tu bhinnopāyasādhyatayā bhedenaiva nirddeśaḥ kārya iti svabhāvahetau tāvadanvayaniścayaṃ svapramāṇanibandhanaṃ darśayannāha-“anvayaniścayo'pi” na kevalaṃ pakṣadharmmaniścaya uktaḥ kintvanvayaniścayo'pi “svabhāvahetau” ucyata iti śeṣaḥ| “sādhanadharmma” sya yad “bhāvamātraṃ” sattāmātraṃ mugdarādinimittantarānapekṣaṃ tasya “anubandho” anugamanaṃ vyāptiḥ tasya “siddhiḥ” yā sa svabhāvahetāvanvayaniścayaḥ| kasya sādhanadharmmabhāvamātrānubandhasiddhiḥ?| “sādhyadharmmasya” sādhyaścāsau asiddhatvāt dharmmadharmmisamudayaikadeśatvāt dharmmaśceti tathoktaḥ| yatra yatra sādhanadharmmasya bhāvaḥ tatra tatra sādhyadharmmasyāpi nimittāntarānapekṣo bhava ityetasyārthasya siddhiḥ svabhāvahetāvanvayaniścayaḥ| kathaṃ punaḥ sādhyadharmmaḥ sādhanadharmmabhāvamātramanubadhnāti| ? “tabhdāvatayā” sa sādhanadharmo bhāvaḥ-svabhāvo yasya tasya bhāvatayā tabhdāvatayā| yo hi sādhanadharmmaḥ sādhyadharmmasya svabhāvaḥ sa kathaṃ taṃ nānubadhnīyāt, nīrūpatvaprasaṅgāt ?|

[30. svabhāvahetāvaikyepi sādhyasādhanabhāvavyavasthā|]
nanu tatsvabhāvatve bhedābhāvāt kathaṃ sādhyasādhanabhāvaḥ ? ityāha-“vastutaḥ” paramārthataḥ| sādhyasādhanasaṃkalpakāle tu paramparayā tattadvayāvṛttapadārthanibandhanāyāṃ kalpanābuddhau bhedena pratibhāsanāt sādhyasādhanabhāvo na vihanyate| na hyasau pāramārthikaṃ sādhyasādhanadharmmayorddharmiṇaśca kṛtakatvādau bhedamavalambate, sambandhābhāvena sādhyasādhanabhāvāyogāt|

ekārthasamavāyaḥ kṛtakatvānityatvādeḥ sambandhaḥ iti cet; na, tasyāpi tato'rthāntaratve ‘ayamanayorasminnarthe samavāyaḥ’ iti sambandhābhāvasya tadavasthatvāt, sambandhāntarakalpanāyāṃ cānavasthāprasaṅgāt| samavāyād vṛttikalpanāyāṃ ca kṛtakatvādayo nityābhimateṣvapyātmādiṣu varteran| ya eva hi kṛtakatvādeḥ śabde samavāyo yabdalāt tatraiva tad vartate sa eva nityābhimateṣvapi, tasyaikatvenopagatatvāt ityātmādau vṛttiḥ kṛtakatvādeḥ kena nivāryeta ?| atha ‘ya evābhūtvā bhavanadharmmā bhūtvā cābhavanadharmmā'sthirarūpo bhāvaḥ tatraiva kṛtakatvādayo dharmmā vartante ’ iti vyavasthāpyate| saiva tarhyabhūtvā bhavanasvabhāvatā bhūtasya cāsthirasvabhāvatā tadviparītarūpasamāropavyavacchedaviṣayāyāḥ kalpanābuddhernibandhanaṃ kiṃ neṣyate ?| tayaiva paramārthābhedavatorddharmmayoḥ sādhyadharmmiṇi vṛtteḥ kimantarālagaḍunā kṛtakatvādinā vyatirekavatā upagatena ?| tathā hi-na sattāmātreṇa kṛtakatvādayo dharmmāḥ sādhyadharmmapratipattinibandhanam, teṣāṃ sadā sannihitatvenānavarataṃ taddharmmapratītiprasaṅgāt, kintu vikalpapratibhāsina eva| sa ca vikalpaḥ svapratibhāsinamevakāraṃ bahīrūpatayā'dhyavasitamanusaran kṛtakānityādirūpatāṃ vastunaḥ pratipadyate, paramārthato'saṃsparśe'pi tadrūpasya, paramparayā tadupādānatvāt| vyatiriktāstu dharmmāstudutpattinimittamātratayā parikalpyante, tad varaṃ yadeva tatkalpanānnibandhanaṃ tadeva tathāvidhavikalpaprasavanimittamastu, tasyāvaśyamabhyupagamanīyatvāt, tadabhyupagame ca caritārthā vyatirekavanto dharmmā ityalaṃ tatkalpanayā| avaśyaṃ ca vyatiriktā'nityatādvāreṇāpi vastuna evānavasthāyinamātmānaṃ pratipadyate, tadanurūpārthakṛ(kri)yārthitayā pravṛtteḥ, anyathā vyatiriktā'nityatayā nityatvāt tadavagamārthitvenāyamanityasādhyārthakriyārthī nityaṃ śabdādikamāśaṅkamānaḥ kimanityatāvicāraṃ prati āhītāsthaḥ ?| vyatiriktāyāṃ cānityatāyāmavagatāyāṃ tatraiva pravartatām, kimiti nitye śabdātmani ?| tadvā(ddvā)reṇa pratipatteḥ iti cet; tat kimanena vyavadhinā ?| varamavyavahitasyaiva pratipattirastu, tenaivārthitvāditi| tadetadatipracarccyamānamatigahanaṃ sampadyata ityāstāṃ tāvat|

ye'pi jaiminīyā manyante- ‘yeṣāmatyantavyatirekavanto dharmmāḥ teṣāmevāyaṃ naiyāyikādīnāṃ doṣaḥ, asmākaṃ tu kathañcid bhedābhedavatāṃ dharmmāṇāṃ tatsvabhāvatayā naiṣa doṣaḥ’ iti; teṣāmapi vastutaḥ sādhanadharmmarūpatopagame sādhyadharmmasya, kathañcid bhedābhyupagame na kiñcit phalamutpaśyāmaḥ, sādhyasādhanabhāvasya kalpitabhedadvāreṇāpyupapatteḥ| na caikātmye kathañcidapi bhedo yuktaḥ, ekasmāt svabhāvādabhedāt| tato'pi tayoḥ kathañcid bhedābhedau sta eveti cet; na, anavasthāprasaṅgāt| tathā hi-dharmmayostadekasvabhāvādapi bhedavatostena svabhāvena kathañcidabhedanimittamabhinno'paraḥ svabhāvo'bhyupagantavyaḥ, tathā tenā'pyaparaḥ ityanantaiva bhinnābhinnasvabhāvaparamparā syāt| na ca kalpanābuddhāvanantobhayarūpasvabhāvaparamparā pratibhāsata iti kimiti tatkalpanayā''tmānaṃ vipralabhante bhavantaḥ ?| kathañcit ca bhedopagamāt kathaṃ bhedapakṣabhāvināṃ doṣāṇāmanavasaraḥ ?| yaṃ cātmānaṃ purodhāya ‘imau dharmmau, ayaṃ dharmmī’ iti vyavasthāpyate yadi tena bhedastadā bheda eveti kuto'nekāntavādaḥ ?| athābhedaḥ; tadā ‘ayaṃ sādhanadharmmaḥ, ayaṃ sādhyadharmmaḥ, dharmmī cāyam’ iti kathaṃ pāramārthikaṃ tṛ(tri)tayaṃ sidhyet ?| tasmāt tattatpararūpavyāvṛttisamāśrayāyāṃ kalpanābuddhau bhedavatāmiva dharmmadharmmiṇāṃ pratibhāsanāt sādhyasādhanabhāvaḥ| tanmātrānubandhastu vastutaḥ tattatsvabhāvatayaiva yuktaḥ iti manyamānena “vastutastabhdāvatayā” ityuktam|

[31. bāghakapramāṇādeva svabhāvahetau sādhyasādhanatādātmyam|]
kā punarasau vastutastabhdāvatā yayā hetubhūtayā sādhyadharmmasya sādhanadharmmabhāvamātrānubandhaḥ sidhyati ? ityāha- “sā” vastutastabhdāvatā “sādhya”sya “viparyayo” vipakṣaḥ tatra, “hetoḥ” yad “bādhakaṃ pramāṇaṃ” tadviparītadharmmapratyavasthāpakam, yena bādhyamāno hetustatra na pravartate, viruddhayorekatra sahabhāvāsambhavāt, tasya yā “vṛtti” pravṛttiḥ “bādhakapramāṇavṛttiḥ” tatsādhyatvācca vastutastabhdāvatāyāḥ sā bādhakapramāṇavṛttiruktā| tasyāṃ hi satyāṃ vipakṣāt nivṛtto hetuḥ sādhyadharmmavatyeva dharmmiṇi vartate iti sādhyadharmmasyānarthāntarasya sādhanadharmmasvabhāvatā sidhyati| “tayā ca” vastutastabhdāvatayā sādhanadharmmabhāvamātrānubandhaḥ sādhyadharmmasya sidhyatīti “anvayaniścayaḥ” ‘yatra yatra sādhanadharmmastatra tatra sādhyadharmmaḥ’ ityevaṃrūpo jāyate|

atrodāharaṇaṃ “yathā-yat sat tat kṣaṇikameva|” avadhāraṇena vyāptimāha| sādhanadharmmabhāvamātrānubandhasya caitadrūpamākhyātaṃ, nimittāntaramantareṇa sat ityeva kṛtvā kṣaṇikamityupadarśanāt| sa ca vastutastabhdāvatayā sidhyatīti tatsiddhyupāyaṃ bādhakapramāṇavṛttiṃ darśayati-“akṣaṇikatve” kṣaṇikaviparyaye sati “artha kriyāvirodhāt” arthasya- kāryasya kriyā- niṣpattistasyā virodhāt “tallakṣaṇaṃ” sā'rthakriyā lakṣaṇaṃ yasya “vastutvasya” arthakriyāsāmarthyātmana, tattathoktam| arthakriyayā hi tatsāmarthyarūpaṃ vastutvaṃ lakṣyate| “tad” evaṃvidhaṃ vastutvaṃ “hīyate” nivartate, tadviparyayarūpasyāsattvasyā''karṣaṇāt| etacca bādhakaṃ pramāṇaṃ vyāpakānupalabdhirūpamuttaratrāvasaraprāptaṃ svayameva vakṣyati| tadanayā bādhakapramāṇavṛttyā sādhyadharmmasya vastutaḥ sādhanadharmmasvabhāvatā sidhyati| tayā ca vastutastabhdāvatayā sādhanadharmmabhāvamātrānubandha iti|

[32. kāryahetāvanvayaniścayanirūpaṇam|]
evaṃ svabhāvahetau viparyaye bādhakapramāṇavṛttyā tādātmyasiddhito'nvayaniścayaṃ pratipādya koryahetau pratipādapannāha- “kāryahetau” anvayaniścayaḥ iti prakṛtam| kaḥ punarasau kāryakāraṇayorbhāvaḥ?| “kāryatvaṃ” “kāraṇatvaṃ” ca| tasya yā “siddhiḥ” pratītiḥ sā kāryahetāvanvayaniścayaḥ| yathā ca kāryakāṃraṇabhāvasiddhirbhavati tathopadarśayannāha- “yathā” ityādi| yathāśabda upadarśanārthaḥ| “idaṃ” dhūmādikam “asya” agneḥ “upalambhe” sati “upalabhyata” iti sambandhaḥ| anena kāryakāraṇabhāvasiddhau pratyakṣavyāpāramāha| na ca kevalaṃ pratyakṣaṃ kāryakāraṇabhāvamasandigdhaṃ sādhayati, kintu prākpravṛttānupalambhasahāyamiti darśayitumāha- “upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptamānupalabdham” iti| yadi tad dhūmādikamupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptaṃ satsvanyai(nye)ṣūpalambhapratyayeṣu dṛśyātmakaṃ sat nopalabdhaṃ bhavati agnyādisāmagrīsannidhānāt prāk tādātmyādisāmagryāmupalabhyamānāyāmupalabhyamānaṃ tatkāryaṃ sidhyati| na tūpalambhapratyayāntaravaikalyādanupajātopalabdhiyogyarūpaṃ sat, taddeśasannihitamapyanupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptatayāgnyādisāmagrīsannidhānāt prāganupalabdhamiti| upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasya cānupalambhe nāgnyādisāmagrīsannidhānāt prāganyata āgamanaṃ, taddeśakālasaṃnnihitāt katakuṭyā derutpattiḥ, taddeśe cā'sannidhānamiti, tritayamapākriyate| etāvabhdiśca prakārairatatkāryatā bhavantī bhavet| tato'nupalambhenā'tatkāryatāśaṅkānirāsād tabhdāve bhāvagrāhipratyakṣanibandhanaḥ kāryakāraṇabhāvo'sandigdhaḥ sidhyati|

na cāgnīndhanādibhāve niyatasannidheradṛśyātmanaḥ kutaścit dhūmasya bhāvaḥ syāt ityāśaṅkanīyam| agnīndhanādibhedānuvidhānād dhūmasya| candanāgurukarpūrakeśorṇṇādīndhanabhede tadanurūpabhedasyāsya darśanādalpamahadindhanavikārakāriṇaścāgnestadanurūpasya| na cāgnīndhanādisannidhāvadṛśyātmano niyatasannidhānatā yuktā, pratibandhābhāvāt| pratibandhe vā tatkāryatā tatkāraṇatā vā syāt| tatkāryatve, nāgnīndhanasamparkkānantaraṃ dhūmajanma syāt, tabhdāvābhāvānuvidhānādeva cāsyāpi tatkāryatvam| tacca dhūme'pi samānam| nāpīndhanādikāraṇatvam adṛśyātmanaḥ, indhanādeḥ svahetoreva vṛkṣāderbhāvadarśanāt| tatrāpi tathābhāvakalpanāyāṃ tadevottaraṃ vācyam| punaścodye sa eva parihāro'navasthā ca| etenaikasāmagryadhīnatā'pi pratyuktā| tadanvayavyatirekānuvidhānādeva ca dhūmasya tat kāraṇaṃ kalpeta| taccāgnyādāvapi tulyam| tadapi tatra kāraṇamastu iti cet; na, agnayādibhāve'vaśyambhāvino'nyasyāpi kāraṇatvakalpanāyāṃ nimittābhāvāt, kāryavyatirekanibandhanatvāt kāraṇabhāvakalpanāyāḥ| yathā agnīndhanā derevānyatarābhāve abhavataḥ| bhavatu vā'nyasyāpi tabhdāve niyatasannidheḥ kāraṇatā| na tu tāvatāgnyādeḥ kāraṇatvahāniḥ, yato dhūmadarśanāt tanniścayena pravṛttau tadvisaṃvādaḥ syāt| nahi sarvvasattvakarmmādhipatyajanitatve'pi jagadvaicitryasya dṛṣṭakāraṇahānitastatkāryadarśanād vā pravṛttānāṃ atatprāptirityalamatiprasaṅgena|

kiṃrūpaḥ punarasau kāryakāraṇabhāvo'nupalambhasahāyapratyakṣanibandhana ityāha- “tabhdāve bhāvaḥ tadabhāve'bhāvaśca” iti| ya eva hi kāraṇābhimatasya bhāve bhāva eva| kāryatvenābhimatasya bhāvaḥ| “tadabhāve” kāraṇatvābhimatasyā'bhāve “abhāva eva” kāryatvenābhimatasyābhāvaśca| sa eva kāryakāraṇābhāvo nānyaḥ|

sa hi tābhyāmanyo bhavan svabhāvato'pratipannakāryakāraṇarūpayorvvā bhaved, yadvā svabhāvenaiva kāryakāraṇātmanoḥ| yadyādyaḥ pakṣaḥ tadā sarvvatraivākāryaka(kā)raṇabhūte'pi vastuni bhavet tanniyamakāraṇābhāvāt| tataḥ sarvvaṃ sarvvasya kāryaṃ syāt| svabhāvena cātadrūpasyānyayoge'pi na tadrūpatā| nahi bhāvāḥ pratiniyatarūpatyāgenānyayoge'pi rūpāntaramābhajante, yato nānyayogasteṣāṃ pūrvvarūpaṃ nāśayati vināśahetvayogād vakṣyamāṇakāt| nā'pyapūrvvamutpādayati tasya tato'rthāntaratvaprasaṅgāt| nahi teṣu niṣpanneṣvaniṣpanno bhinnahetuko vā tatsvabhāvo yuktsaḥ| ayaṃ hi bhedo bhedaheturvā viruddhadharmmādhyāsaḥ kāraṇa bhedaśca tataścet na bhedaḥ, anyanimittābhāvāt ekaṃ dravyaṃ viśvaṃ syāt ityādi prasajyeta| pratibhāsabhedo'pi hi itaretarābhāvarūpatayā viruddhadharmmādhyāsatāṃ nātikrāmati| tataśca pūrvvake vastunī tadavasthe eveti na tayoranyayoge'pi kāryakāraṇarūpatāpattiḥ|

atha dvitīyaḥ pakṣaḥ, tadā svabhāvata eva tayoḥ kāryakāraṇarūpatvādanyastabhdāvaḥ kathaṃ na vaiyarthyamanubhavet ?| kāryakāraṇavuddhī api tabhdāvabhāvitvamātranibandhane nārthāntaranimitte, tasyopapalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasya kāryakāraṇarūpavivekinā rūpāntareṇāpratibhāsanāt| tathāvidhasyāpi grahaṇakalpanāyāmatiprasaṅgaḥ| anupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptatāyāṃ kathaṃ kāryakāraṇabhāvabuddhī tannibandhane ?| nahi tad arthāntaraṃ svasattāmātreṇa tabduddhī pravartayati| sadā sannihitatvenāsya tayoḥ sarvadodayaprasaṅgāt| na ca viśeṣaṇamagṛhītaṃ viśeṣye svaviśiṣṭapratyayanibandhanamityayuktā'syānupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptatā| na ca dṛṣṭasyāpyanupalakṣaṇaṃ yuktam, kāryakāraṇabuddhyostannibandhanatopagamāt| na hi yannimito yo'nyatrātabduddhibhāji tabdyavasāyaḥ sa tadanupalakṣaṇe yuktaḥ| devadatte daṇḍivyavasāyavad daṇḍānupalakṣaṇe| na cārthāntarasya kāryakāraṇābhyāṃ sambandho ghaṭate, sambandhāntarakalpanāyāmanavasthāprasakteḥ| kāryakāraṇabhāvābhyupagame kāryakāraṇābhyāmasahabhāvitā sabhdāvasya| tataśca kāryakāraṇakāle tasyāsannidhānāt kathaṃ kāryakāraṇabuddhihetutā ?| niruddhayoradhyāhṛtya tatpratyayakalpanāyāṃ ca kalpitaviṣaya eva kāryakāraṇatādhyavasāyaḥ syāt na vastuviṣayaḥ| sa ca viśiṣṭabhāvābhāvanibandhano'bhyupagata eveti kimarthāntarakalpanayā ?| kalpitaviṣayatve tavdhyavasāyasya, tasyā vaiyarthyāt kāryakāraṇayoścāyaugapadyāt| hani tābhyāmasau janyate, pratyekajanyaśca kathaṃ kāryakāraṇabhāvaḥ ?| yadā ca kāraṇena janyate tadā kiṃ svakāryasahito janyate, atha kevalaḥ ?| kevalo'pi kiṃ svakāryāt prāg, atha paścāt ?| yadi svakāryasahitastudubhayoranyata eva bhāvāt parasparamasambandha iti kāryasambandhitā'sya hīyeta| atha kevalaḥ svakāryāt prāk; tadā kṣaṇikatayā kāraṇasya tameva janayitvā dhvaṃsāt kathaṃ svakāryakrīyā ?| tasyāṃ cāsatyāṃ kathaṃ tadapekṣamasya kāraṇatvam ?| tasmiṃścāsati kathamakāraṇena kāryakāraṇasambandho janyate ?| atha svakāryaṃ kṛtvā paścājjanyeta tadā'pi svakāryakāle eva vinaṣṭatvād asatastaduttarakālabhāvikāryakāraṇabhāvajananaṃ kutaḥ ?| tabhdāvaśca sambandha ucyate|

....................................................................................................................................................................................... janyatāyāṃ vā yadi samagrāḥ svarūpata eva tāṃ janayanti kārye ka eṣāṃ śaktivyāghātaḥ ? yato'nyatra kalpyate| tatrāpyaparasāmagrīyogāpekṣāyāṃ cānavasthāprasaṅgaḥ| tataḥ samagrā eva janakāḥ|

teṣāṃ ca kāraṇatvamekaikāpāye kāryavyatirekataḥ samunnīyata ityāha- “satsvapyanyeṣu” tatsāmagryantarggateṣu “hetuṣu” janakeṣu pratyekaṃ teṣāṃ vyañjanakatvād “asyābhāve” janakatvena nirddhāryamāṇatayā vivakṣitasyābhāve “na bhavati” ityanenānupalambhasya viṣaya uktaḥ| pratyakṣavṛttistu pūrvvoktaivā'nupalambharahitā tabhdāve bhāvagrāhiṇī saṃbandhyate|

tathā cāyamapi tabhdāve bhāvaḥ tadabhāve'bhāvaśca kāryakāraṇabhāvaḥ kiṃsādhanaḥ ? ityāha- “pratyakṣānupalambhasādhanaḥ” pratyakṣapūrvvako'nupalambhaḥ tavdivikrānyapadārthagrāhipratyakṣātmakaḥ sādhanamasyeti “pratyakṣānupalambhasādhanaḥ kāryakāraṇabhāvaḥ”| yastvanupalambhasāpekṣeṇa pratyakṣeṇa sādhyata iti prāguktaḥ so'nupalambhapūrvvakaṃ pratyakṣaṃ sādhanamasyeti anupalambhapratyakṣasādhana iti vaktavyaḥ| “tasya” kāryakāraṇabhāvasyānvayavyatirekātmanaḥ “siddhiḥ” niścayo “yathoktābhyāṃ” pratyakṣānupalambhābhyāṃ kāryahetāvanvayaniścaya iti sambandhate|

nanu cānvayaniścayo nāma kāryahetoḥ sarvvatra kāryasya bhavataḥ svakāraṇasattayā'nugamanamityevamavasāyaḥ tat kathaṃ kāryakāraṇabhāvasiddhirevā'sāvucyate ? ityāśaṅkya kāryakāraṇabhāvasiddhinibandhanatvādanvayaniścayasya kāraṇe kāryopacārādananyopāyasādhyatāṃ darśayitum, darśanamātranibandhanaṃ ye tamicchanti tanmataniṣedhārthamasāvevamukta iti darśayannāha- “kāryakāraṇabhāva eva hi” kāryakāraṇabhāve satyeva ‘hiḥ’ yasmāt “arthāntarasya” sādhyād vyatiriktasya, yastvavyatiriktaḥ tasya viparyaye bādhakapramāṇavṛttyā tādātmyaniścayādevānvayaniścaya iti pūrvvamuktamevetyarthāntaragrahaṇam| tasyārthāntarasya “evaṃ syāt”| katham ?| ‘yatra nāma kvacid dhūmaḥ tatrāvaśyamagniḥ’ iti niyamena ‘agneḥ tatra bhāvaḥ’ ityevaṃrūpo'nvayaniścayaḥ| yastvakāryakāraṇabhāve'pi rasasyārthāntarasya rūpeṇānvayaniścayaḥ sa ekasāmagryadhīnatayā tasya svakāraṇāvyabhicāradvāraka evetyadoṣaḥ|

atha yadi nāma kāryamagnerdhūmastathāpi kimiti yatrāsau tatrāvaśyamagnirbhavati yataḥ kāryakāraṇabhāvasiddhinibandhano'nvayaniścaya ucyata ityāha-“agneḥ bhāve eva” sattāyāmeva ‘hiḥ’ yasmāt “bhāvaḥ” sattā dhūmasya “kāryatvamiti”| tasmāt kāryakāraṇabhāve satyeva yathokto'nvayaniścaya iti| yadi hi yatra dhūmastatrāvaśyamagnirnna syāt tadā'gnimantareṇāpyasya bhāvād agnibhāva eva bhāvalakṣaṇaṃ kāryatvaṃ hīyeta|

[33. anupalabdhāvanvayaniścayopāyakathanam|]
idānīmanupalabdhāvanvayaniścayamāha-“anupalabdhāvapi” na kevalaṃ svabhāvakāryaheto(tvo)ranvayaniścaya uktaḥ kintvanupalabdhāvapyanvayaniścaya ucyate| kiṃrūpo'sau ? ityāha- “asadvyavahārasya” sādhyadharmmasya yogyatāyāśca sādhyatvāt tadyogyatā'savdyavahāro'bhipretaḥ, tasya, upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasya yā “anupalabdhiḥ” tadanyopalabdhirūpā ta“nmātre” nimittāntarānapekṣaṇī, yā “vṛttiḥ” pravṛttirasavdyavahārasya tasyāḥ “sādhanaṃ” siddhiḥ anupalabdhavanvayaniścayaḥ| kutaḥ punarasavdyavahārasya tanmātre vṛttirbhavati ? ityāha- “nimittāntarābhāvopadarśanāt” iti| yadā hyasavdyavahārasya yathoktānupalabhdivyatiriktaṃ buddhivyapadeśārthakriyāvirahādikaṃ nimittaṃ na bhavatīti sādhyate tadā yathoktānupalabdhimātre'sya vṛttiḥ siddhā bhavati| tathā(tayā) cānupalabdhāvanvayaniścayaḥ| anyathā hi nimittāntarāpekṣāśaṅkāyāṃ satyāmapi yathoktānupalabdhau nāvaśyamasavdyavahārasya bhāva iti kuto'nvayaniścayaḥ syāt ?| nimittāntarābhāvastu vistarato vādanyāya ukta iti tata evāvadhāryaḥ|

athavā savdyavahārasya yannimittamupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasya sattvam tad asavdyavahāranimittādanyatvāt nimittāntaraṃ tatrānupalabdherabhāva upadarśyate yena pramāṇena tadevamuktam, tena, sati vastuni tasyā asambhavaniścayād anupalabdhāvanvayaniścayaḥ| tacca tavdyatirekacintāyāṃ darśayiṣyāmaḥ|

tadevaṃ trayāṇāmapi hetūnāṃ yathāsvaṃ pramāṇenānvayaniścaya uktaḥ| svabhāvahetau viparyaye bādhakapramāṇavṛttyā tādātmyasiddhinibandhanatvāt, kāryahetau pratyakṣānupalambhābhyāṃ kāryakāraṇabhāvasiddhinimittatvāt, anupalabdhau nimittāntarābhāvaprasādhakapramāṇastadabhavasiddhihetutvācceti|

[34. kāryasvabhāvayorvyatirekaniścayopāyakathanam|]
samprati trayāṇāmapi hetūnāṃ svasvapramānanibandhanaṃ vyatirekaniścayaṃ pratipādayitukāma āha- “vyatirekaniścayo'pi” na kevalamanvayaniścayo yathāsvaṃ pramāṇanibandhanastayoruktaḥ api tu “vyatirekaniścayo'pi kāryasvabhāvahetvo” ryathāsvaṃ pramāṇanimitta ucyate|

kaḥ punarasau ? “sādhyābhāve'bhāvasiddhiḥ”| yāvatadātmaka[tadātmakau hetū kāraṇavyāpakarūpasādhyasya sādhakau] sādhyābhāve cābhāvasiddhistayoḥ| kena pramāṇena ?| “kāraṇavyāpakānupalabdhibhyāṃ”| kāryahetau kāraṇānupalabdhyā sādhyābhāve'bhāvaniścayaḥ| svabhāvahetau vyāpakānupalabdhyā| kadā punaste anupalabdhī sādhike tasya bhavataḥ ?| “kāryakāraṇavyāpyavyāpakabhāvasiddhau” pratyakṣānupalambhābhyāṃ kāryakāraṇabhāvasiddhau satyāṃ kāraṇānupalabdhiḥ kāryahetau sādhyābhāve'bhāvasya sādhikā, viparyaye ca bādhakapramāṇavṛttyā tabhdāvatāsiddhitaḥ| vyāpyavyāpakabhāvasiddhau satyāṃ vyāpakānupalabdhiḥ svabhāvahetau sādhyābhāve'bhāvasya sādhiketi| tadevaṃ bruvatā ubhayatra tādātmyatadutpattilakṣaṇapratibandhaniścayādeva dvayorapyanvayavyatirekayoḥ niścaya iti uktaṃ bhavati| ata evānyatra-“kāryakāraṇabhāvād vā” ityādi uktam| kīdṛśībhyām ? “dṛśyaviṣayābhyāṃ” dṛśyo viṣayo yayoste tathokte| yadi kāraṇavyāpakāvupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptau bhavatastadā tadanupalabdhī sādhyābhāve'bhāvaṃ sādhayata iti yāvat| kadā punastayoḥ dṛśyaviṣayatāviśeṣaṇamapekṣyate ? ityāha-“uddiṣṭaviṣayasya” uddiṣṭaḥ- kathito viṣayaḥ- ādhāro vaidharmmyadṛṣṭāntalakṣaṇo yasya sādhyābhāve'bhāvasya tasyopadarśane kriyamāṇe| tatrāpi kasmād dṛśyaviṣayatā'pekṣyate ? iti cet āha- “anupalabdhi” ityādi| “anyathā” yadi dṛśyaviṣayatāviśeṣaṇamanupalabdhyornnāpekṣyate| yadā'nupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptaṃ viṣayaṃ vaidharmyadṛṣṭāntarūpamupādatte tadā'nupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptau tatra kāraṇavyāpakāvapi bhavata iti “anupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasyaḥ” kāraṇasya vyāpakasya vā “kvacid” viprakṛṣṭe viṣaye sumervvādau “abhāvāsiddheḥ” kathamābhyāṃ sādhyābhāve'bhāvasiddhiḥ syāt, kāraṇavyāpakānupalabdhyorevāsiddhatvāt ityabhiprāyaḥ|

athānuddiṣṭaviṣayasyāpyabhāvasyopadarśane'nupalabdhyorddaśyaviṣayatāviśeṣaṇaṃ kimitti nāpekṣyate ? ityāha- “anuddiṣṭaviṣayam” anuddiṣṭo viṣayaḥ- vaidharmyadṛṣṭāntarūpo yasmin sādhyābhāve hetvabhāvakhyāpane tat “pratibandhamātrasiddhau” satyāṃ dṛśyaviṣayatāviśeṣaṇamantareṇāpi yasmāt “sidhyati iti” tasmāt “na tatra” anuddiṣṭaviṣaye “vyatirekasādhane” anupalabdhyo “rdṛśyaviṣaya tāviśeṣaṇamapekṣyate” aṅgīkriyate| tathā hi-aśeṣapadārthaparigraheṇa sāmānyenāpi bruvato yo yatra pratibaddhasvabhāvaḥ tādātmyatadutpattibhyāṃ sa tadabhāve'vaśyameva na bhavatīti niḥsvabhāvatvā'hetukatvaprasaṅgāt| taduktam-

“svabhāve'pyavinābhāvo bhāvamātrānurodhinī|
tadabhāve svayaṃ bhāvasyābhāvaḥ syādabhedataḥ||”
tathā- “kāryaṃ dhūmo hutabhujaḥ kāryadharmmānuvṛttitaḥ|
sa bhavaṃstadabhāve'pi hetumattāṃ vilaṅghyet||” iti|

tatastatra dṛśyaviṣayatā'pekṣyamāṇānupakārikaiveti na tayā kiñciditi bhāvaḥ|

“pratibandhamātrasiddhau” ityanena ye pratibandhaṃ hetornna varṇṇayanti kintvadarśanamātrādeva vyatirekamāhusteṣāṃ tadasambhavaṃ vca darśayati| tathā hi-asati pratibandhe yadi sarvve sādhyavirahiṇo'rthā dṛśyā bhavanti tadā teṣvanupalabdhasya sādhanasyābhāvaḥ śiṣyet| tadāha kumārilo'pi-

“gatvā gatvā tu tān deśān yadyartho nopalabhyate|
tadānyakāraṇābhāvādasannityavagamyate||” iti|

deśādiviprakarṣitayā tvadṛśyatve satyapi tatra hetāvanupalambhamātrasya sambhavāt sandigdho'sāva'śeṣe sādhyābhāve sādhanābhāvalakṣaṇo vyatirekaḥ tathāvidhasyaiva yatra yatra sādhyābhāvaḥ tatra tatra sādhanābhāva iti vīpsāpadābhyāmabhidhānāt| anvayaniścayo'pi prākpratibandhanibandhana eva varṇṇitaḥ tatastenāpi pareṣāṃ darśananibandhanāmanvayasiddhimicchatāmabhāvo'syāpi kathita eva, sarvvārthānāṃ hetumatāṃ sādhyadharmmavattayā draṣṭumaśakyatvādanumātṛbhiḥ| aśeṣadeśādiviṣayasya ca sādhyānugamasya yatra yatra hetuḥ tatra tatra sādhyam iti vīpsayā pratipādanāt| na ca katipayadeśādau sādhanadharmmasya sādhyadharmmeṇa sahabhāvasya bhūyo darśane'pi vyāptiḥ sidhyati, asati pratibandhe kvacid bahulaṃ tathādṛṣṭānāmapyanyāthātvasyāpi sambhavāt, tadasambhave bādhakapramāṇābhāvāt|

[35. anupalabdhau vyatirekaniścayopāyākathanam|]
anupalabdhimadhikṛtyādhunā''ha- “vyatirekaniścayo'nupaladhau” ucyata iti śeṣaḥ| kimātmako'sau ? ityāha “upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptād” vidyamānopalambhapratyayāntarād dṛśyasvabhāvācca “sataḥ” vidyamānāt sādhyābhāvarūpād “anupalambhasya” tadviviktopalambhātmano yo'bhāvaḥ sato yadgrāhakaṃ pratyakṣaṃ tabhdāvalakṣaṇastasya “darśanaṃ” darśyate- pratyāyyate'neneti darśanam upadarśakaṃ pramāṇaṃ tadātmako'nupalabdhau vyatirekaniścayaḥ| taddhetutvācca tat pramāṇaṃ tathocyate| yadi hi sannihitānyopalambhapratyayo dṛśyasvabhāvo bhāvo vidyamāno'pi nopalabhyeta kathamasau dṛśyasvabhāvaḥ syāt ?| yo hi satsvanyeṣūpalambhapratyayeṣu san pratyakṣa eva bhavati sa eva dṛśyasvabhāva ākhyāyate| tasmāt tathāvidhe sannihite'vaśyaṃ pratyakṣavṛttyā bhavitavyam, anyathā'sya na kadācidapi pratyakṣatā syāt, viśeṣābhāvāditi| prayogaḥ-yad yanmātranimittaṃ tatsmin sati niyamena bhavati| tad yathā-bījādisāmagrīmātranimitto'ṅkuraḥ| yathoktopalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptatāmātranimittaṃ ca sati vastuni tathāvidhe pratyakṣamiti svabhāvahetuḥ| [ete]na pramāṇena svabhāvānupalabdhau sādhyābhāve'bhāvalakṣaṇo vyatireko niścīyate| etacca pramāṇamanvayaniścayasyāpi nimittam| anenaiva nimittāntare'nupalabdherabhāvopadarśanāt| kāraṇavyāpakānupalabdhyostu vakṣyamāṇayoḥ pratibandhadvayasidvyupāya evānvayavyatirekaniścayanibandhanam| sa ca kāryasvabhāvahetvorupadarśita eveti pṛthagnoktaḥ| tathā hi-kāraṇavyāpakayorabhāvaḥ kāryavyāpyābhāvābhyāmavaśyamanvitaḥ kāryavyāpyābhāvavyatireke ca tabhdāvalakṣaṇe'vaśyaṃ vyatiricyate kāraṇavyāpakayorbhāvāt| anyathā kāryavyāpyayorahetukatvaniḥsvabhāvatāprasaṅgāditi na kiñcit pṛthagabhidhāneneti|

[36. hetoḥ prakāratrayasya nāmanirdeśaḥ|]
tadetāvatā granthena “pakṣadharmmastadaṃśena vyāpto hetuḥ” iti vyākhyātam| adhunā “tridhaiva saḥ” ityetad vyākhyātumāha- “etallakṣaṇaḥ” ‘pakṣadharmmaḥ san yastadaṃśena vyāpto hetuḥ’ ityetallakṣaṇaṃ yasya sa etallakṣaṇaḥ| “tridhaiva saḥ”| ‘saḥ’ ityetasya vyākhyānaṃ “hetu”riti, | ‘tridhaiva’ ityasya vivaraṇaṃ “triprakāra eve” ti| tān hetūna svena svena nāmnā kīrttayati- “svabhāvaḥ kāryam anupalabdhiśceti”| “ca”kāro hetutvasamuccayārthaḥ| “iti” śabdaḥ samāptiṃ sūcayannavadhāraṇārthameva sphuṭayati| “yathā-anitye” kasmiṃścit śabdādau “sādhye satva(ttva)miti” svabhāvahetūpadarśanam, “agnimati pradeśe” sādhye “dhūma iti” kāryahetoḥ pradarśanam, “abhāve ca” abhāvasya vyavahāre ca “upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasyānupalabdhiriti” anupalabdherupanyāsaḥ|

[37. trividhahetubāhyānāṃ hetvābhāsatve pramāṇopadarśanam|]
kasmāt punaḥ trividha eva hetuḥ ? ityāśaṅkaya trividhahetuvyatiriktānāmarthānāṃ hetvābhāsatayā hetuviruddhayā vyāptestriṣveva hetutvaṃ niyataṃ bhavatiti hetvābhāsatāṃ pramāṇavatīṃ tadvyatirekiṇāṃ darśayannāha- “atraiva” svabhāvakāryā'nupalabdhyākhye “trividhahetau avinābhāvasya niyamāditi” trividhahetuvyatirikteṣvartheṣvavinābhāvā'bhāvādityarthaḥ| tataścāvinābhāvavikalatvāt svabhāvakāryānupalabdhivyatirekiṇo'rthā hetvābhāsāḥ prameyatvādivat ityuktaṃ bhavati| avinābhāvābhāvaśca trividhahetuvyatiriktatvādeva tādātmyatadutpattyoravinābhāvavyāpikayorabhāvād vyāpakānupalabdhito'vagataḥ|

[38. avinābhāvanirūpaṇam|]
atha ko'yamavinābhāvaḥ ? kasya cāsau ? kathaṃ vā'traiva niyata ucyate ? ityata āha- “yathoktā vyāptiḥ vyāpakasya”- tatkāraṇatayā tabhdāvatayā ca| yatra tadvayāpyaṃ kāryaṃ svabhāvo vā sannihitastatra bhāva eva| “vyāpyasya vā”- kāryasya svabhāvasya vā| yatra tatkāraṇasvabhāvākhyaṃ vyāpakaṃ sannihitaṃ tatraiva dharmmiṇi na tadabhāve'pi bhāva iti yā vyāpakavyāpyadharmmatayā vyāptiruktā sā “yathoktā vyāptiravinābhāvaḥ”| kasya ?| “pakṣadharmmasya”| sādhyadharmmidharmmasya| “sa” evaṃrūpo'vinābhāvaḥ “tṛ(tri)vidhād” yathoktād hetoḥ “anyatraḥ” tadvyatirekiṇyarthe “nāsti”| yato'tra ca tṛ(tri)vidhe'sti tādātmyatadutpattyoravinābhāvena vyāptayorbhāvāt, kṛtakatvānityatvavadanayorvyāpyavyāpakabhāvāditi “tasmādatraiva” trividhe hetau tadanyatrābhāvamukhena “niyataḥ” ucyate| tadanena “hetvābhāsāstato'pare” ityasya “avinābhāvaniyamāt” ityupapattisahitasyārthaḥ pradarśitaḥ| yathā ca trividhād hetoranyatrāvinābhāvo nāsti tathā prāgevoktam|

yadi vā svabhāvādanyo'rtho'rthāntaram, tacca kāryādapyanyat kāraṇamanubhayaṃ vā| anupalabdherapyanyad yathoktāyāḥ anupalabdhimātramupalabdhirvvā pratiṣedhyasya tadanyasyāpi viruddhasyāviruddhasya vā| tatrārthāntaram yadyanantarakāryaṃ tasyārvāgdarśibhiḥ itaravivekena lakṣayitumaśakyatvāt aliṅgatvam| kāryadarśanāt vivekāvasāye'pi sādhyasidyuttarakālabhāvī pakṣadharmmatāvasāyo'nvayānugamanaṃ ca vyarthaṃ| vyavahitakāryamapi kāraṇaṃ na kāryasya liṅgam, antarālapratibandhavaikalyasambhavena vyabhicārāt| taduktam-

“sāmagrīphalaśaktīnāṃ pariṇāmānubandhini|
anaikāntikatā kārye pratibandhasya sambhavāt”||

iti| yogyatānumāne tu nārthāntaraṃ liṅgam|

nāpyanubhayam, apratibandhena gamakatvāyogāt| kathaṃ kṛttikodayavijñānād rohiṇyāsattiklṛptiḥ ? iti cet| nanu sā'pi naivāsati pratibandhe yuktā viśeṣābhāvena sarvvataḥ sarvvapratītiprasaṅgāt ityuktatvāt| tasmānnakṣatracakrasya saṅkrāntihetureva kālavyavadhānena kaścit kalpayitavyaḥ, yathā bhūtasaṃkṣobhaḥ paścātkālabhāvino varṣasyeti hetudharmmānumānena kāryaliṅgajaiva kalpayitavyā|

anupalabdhimātramapi saṃśayahetuḥ, pramāṇanivṛttāvapyarthābhāvāsiddheḥ| upalabdhirapi pratiṣedhyasya kathamabhāvaṃ sādhayet ?, abhrāntopalambhasyābhāvāyogāt| viruddhopalabdhistu pratiyogyabhāvaṃ sādhayati| kintu sa virodhastabhdāve satyanyānupalambhādeva siddha iti taddvāreṇānupalabdhireva prayuktā bhavati| anyathā'niṣiddhopalabdherabhāvāsiddheḥ| aviruddhopalabdhiḥ punaḥ pratiṣedhe'naikāntikī, sahabhāvasambhavādaviruddhānām| na cāparaḥ prakāraḥ sambhavatīti nāvinābhāvo'nyatra vidyata iti|